Straw mushroom, also known as the orchid mushroom, stump mushroom. It is rich in nutrition, delicious and tasty. In the hot summer, it is eaten with several straw mushrooms. It has unique flavor, unique flavor, and has a long aftertaste. It is very popular among consumers.
The mushroom growing season is June-September. It is a species that grows fast, has a short period of production, and has a quick effect. It ranges from sowing to mushrooming 8 to 10 days. With the new two-stage cultivation technology, 50 kg of fresh mushrooms can be produced per 100 kg of raw materials for 40 days, and the output value is 300-400 yuan.
In order to promote the two-stage cultivation technology of straw mushroom, its yield can be increased by 1-2 times compared with the traditional stacking, planting, and briquetting cultivation methods, and the biological efficiency averages up to 58%, up to 65%. This technology is introduced as follows.
(1) Preferred strains
The selected varieties are straw mushroom V238 (large grain type), V20, and V35 (medium grain type). The above varieties have large and round, dense mushroom, high yield, both fresh and suitable for processing cans and other characteristics. The culture age of the cultivar used should be 15 to 20 days, and it is difficult for the old strain to seize high yield.
(2) raw material processing
Golden yellow, dry, mildew-free rice and wheat straw were used. Exposure was carried out for 2 - 3 days. The grass stem was repeatedly rolled into a soft, cottony grass with mechanical or yak. Formula: 100 kg of straw or wheat straw, plus 10 kg of dry cow dung powder, 5 kg of plant ash, 3 kg of wheat bran or rice bran, 1 kg of compound fertilizer, 2 kg of gypsum powder. When ingredients are mixed, various excipients are mixed and used. 1:500 times carbendazim solution is pre-wetted, then mixed with grass material, and then pre-wet the material with 5% lime water (dry material ratio), so that the moisture content reaches 70%, and the material is tightly grasped by hand. It is advisable to have 5 - 6 drops of water. The pH is 12 Then build a heap fermentation, film insulation moisturizing. Wait until the temperature rises above 60 degrees Celsius and maintain for 24 hours, turn over 1 heap; when the material temperature rises again to 60 degrees Celsius, keep it for 24 hours, when the material is tan, and there is a large number of white actinomycetes, when the heap is cooled, Evenly sprayed 0.1% carbendazim liquid in the material, fully mixed evenly, the fermentation period is 7 - 8 days.
(3) Bagging bacteria
The cultivation bag should be a low-pressure polyethylene bag with a length of 50 cm, a width of 24 cm, a width of X 03 cm (length, width, width and thickness). The rope should be tied first with a rope tie-end bag and one layer of bacteria should be sown in the bottom of the bag. The material shall be sown with 1 layer of bacteria, 1 layer of material shall be used, and the surface of the material shall be coated with bacteria. A total of 2 layers of material shall be applied and 3 layers shall be sowed. Finally, the bag shall be tightly tied with a rope. The material should be packed tightly and moderately, packed sideways and compacted. About 800 grams of dry material should be placed in each bag. The total seeding rate should be 15%. After the inoculation, the bag should be placed in a clean and ventilated room to produce bacteria, stacking 1-2 layers. The bag spacing is 20 centimeters. The room temperature is about 32 degrees Celsius and the relative humidity is 70%. After the strains survived and colonized, they loosened and loosened their mouth ropes, increased oxygen in the bags, and promoted mycelium growth. Under proper temperature conditions, mycelium can be filled with bags for about 10 days, and pink crusted spores are generated on the material surface before entering the fruiting period.
(4) Land Preparation
You can use the house behind the house, the end of the field, all kinds of trees or melon bean shed to build the field and produce mushrooms. It requires a flat terrain, near water, cleanliness, and convenient drainage and irrigation. After the selection, the soil is 5 - 10 cm deep, broken, and the weeds, roots, rocks and other objects are removed. Make a 1 meter wide, 20 centimeters high, and an unlimited length of trampoline, and use 5% lime water to wet the soil, and then spray 1: 800 times the dichlorvos film for 24 hours to kill the soil pests and diseases.
(5) Bagging and Mushrooming
After unpacking the bacteria-filled mycelium, it is placed in the boring machine and the distance between each cylinder is 5 cm. The gap is filled with fertilizer (92.5% of the fertilizer soil and vegetable garden soil, plus 5% of grass ash, and compound fertilizer 0). 5%, lime powder 2% ), soil and fertilizer in advance pre-wet with 1% lime water into the hand, into contact with the ground, that is, scattered in the material surface covered with fertile soil 1 - 1 . 5 cm thick. -After the end of the cabin, use a bamboo sheet to cover the pressure film and straw curtain to keep it light and shade. The temperature inside the film is maintained at 30 - 34 degrees Celsius and the humidity is 90% -95%. After the tube is covered with soil, the hyphae can grow into the soil after 2 days. Layers, 5 - 7 days soil surface can appear small buds.
(6) Management and recovery
After the cylinders are covered with soil, water should be sprayed 1-2 times a day to keep the soil in a wet state and be properly ventilated and ventilated. After a large number of mushroom buds are sprayed 2-3 times a day, the water temperature should be the same as the natural temperature, and avoid causing large temperature difference and dead mushrooms. Ventilation should be carried out slowly to keep the humidity on the bed stable. After 3 to 5 days of growth, young mushrooms will be harvested when the veil is about to rupture and the vegetative cover does not expand. When harvesting, large and small plants are harvested, lightly harvested, and put on sale or processed in time. After harvesting the tidal mushroom, 0.1% compound fertilizer solution should be sprayed on the material surface. After 3 days, the tidal mushroom can be budded. - General can receive 4 -5 mushroom.