I. Adult culture of large yellow croaker The adult culture of large yellow croaker is currently available in cages and earth ponds. Both have achieved significant results and better economic benefits.
(1) Large-scale fish cage culture of large yellow croaker
1. Set-up and specifications of cages The setting of cages during the growing phase of the large yellow croaker is basically the same as the requirements for the cultivation of the fingerlings, except that the specifications and mesh size of the cages change with the growth of the fingerlings. The depth of cages is usually between 3.5-4.0m, and the mesh size is between 20-60mm. In order to avoid abrasion of the fish body, the mesh material of the netting material having a softer texture is better.
2. Stocking of fingerlings (1) Selection of fish fingerlings Fish stocks that are stocked should be selected in the same size, with a strong constitution, complete body scales, and no disease or injury. Regulation of stocking in the same cage is required to be consistent and consistent. If you plan to meet the specifications of 400g or more in the current year, the specifications for stocked fish should be around 100g.
(2) Methods for transporting fingerlings The methods for transporting fingerlings include live water boats, moving water tankers, fishing rods, water tanks, and oxygenation of plastic bags. As a productive long-distance transport, it is better to transport by live water. The transport of fish species is generally performed in the autumn when the water temperature falls to 18-16°C, or in the spring when the water temperature rises above 13°C. The fish species during or after the onset of illness may not be shipped. Living water ships should be transported in a warm and windy atmosphere. For fish species that are transported by rear water ships for more than 24 hours, the reference density is 500 fishes/m3 (specification 75g), that is, about 40 kg/m3, and the density of the fishes transported by other bodies of water is much smaller than the above.
(3) Stocking of fish species in cages in the acute sea area. Stocking of fingerlings should be selected during the tidal period. After the fish species reach the cage area, they can be used to soak and sterilize the fish species with a moderate amount of antibiotic and a moderate amount of formalin in light of the time gap between the buckets and the cages. If you use a closed body of water to transport fish species, avoid sudden changes in conditions such as specific gravity and water temperature when weighing into boxes. The method of adding seawater in the door box area to the transport water body can be used for short-term transient treatment. The stocking density of fingerlings is determined by the flow of water in the cage and the specifications of the fingerlings. The reference density is 75 g/25 m/m3, and the uterine rate before harvest is 12-14 tail/m3, ie 6-7 kg/m3.
3. Feeds fed into cages and feeding (1) Types and processing of feeds Feeds for the large yellow croaker cultivation stage are generally frozen oysters (fish ginseng), or supplemented with powder and the same material, after processing Feeding, first, using a knife or meat cutter cut into palatable pieces of fish. The method is convenient to process and is not easy to collapse in water. The disadvantage is that it is not convenient to add additives and the nutrition is relatively simple. Two-legged frozen fish is chopped into meat moromi and mixed into a sticky mass of pellets and squeezed into chunks of different sizes by hand and thrown into the cage. This method can be mixed with part of powdered compound feed or other fish. Shellfish and other feed, but also easy to add vitamins and other drugs, nutrition and comprehensive. Large yellow croakers are carnivorous and have a high demand for protein. According to preliminary tests, the protein content of the artificial compound feed at the growing stage is appropriate at about 45%, and the content of the carbon and water-based makeup should be controlled at about 5%.
Frozen oysters (fish ginseng) are easily oxidized in the thawing process, the color becomes darker, the meat is soft and the quality is significantly reduced. For this reason, before processing, it is advisable to use a mechanical method to knock the frozen fish off, and then soak it slightly in seawater to thawed the surface of the feed fish. Drain the water to process it. The fish gills processed in this way are lighter in color and better in freshness. Do not soak for a long time or use the heat of the sun to thaw.
During the high-temperature period, all the powdered compound feeds or floating-water bulking feeds are also effective, and the mixed use of powdery compound feeds and floating-water bulking feeds is more effective. When using floating-water bulked feeds, the feed should be first 1:1. 5, soaking in water for 20-30 minutes to make the feed completely absorbent and feeding (2), feeding a large batch of fresh yellow croaker each day during the morning and evening feeding; during the winter (water temperature 10-15°C) generally everyday Once, in rainy weather, it can be once every other day.
The amount of feeding on the day was determined based on the previous day's food intake, the weather, the color, the changes in the current day, and whether or not the cultured fish had been transferred. Wet feeds should be put in about 5% in the high temperature season (water temperature above 29°C), with a high of 6 to 8%, and within 1% during the winter.
According to the practice for many years, the feed coefficient of the processed chilled feed was slightly higher than that of the large yellow croaker.
The feeding method for the large yellow croaker during the growing stage is the same as the fish stage. Before feeding and feeding, try to avoid walking back and forth. Otherwise, it will significantly affect the feeding of large yellow croaker.
4. Management operations for cage development The management operations of the cage culture phase of the large yellow croaker are basically the same as the cultivation stage of the fingerlings. However, it should be emphasized that the most rapid growth of cultivated people is during the high temperature period. This is also the season when the cages are most likely to attach plant attachments. Wash cages often, usually every 30 days or so. In combination with the wash cage, the fish in cages are sorted out with large and small specifications, leaving medium-sized sorting work, and soaking and disinfecting with anti-bacterial substances, light water solutions, etc.
In order to maintain the golden natural body color of commercial fish, it is best to cover the shading curtain on the cage at the later stage of rearing.
In the contiguous cage culture area with poor water quality and fertility, we must adhere to the fish dynamics, especially the hot weather, three times a day morning, afternoon and evening, paying special attention to the inspection work in the early morning to prevent hypoxia.
(1) Large-scale fish cage culture of large yellow croaker
1. Set-up and specifications of cages The setting of cages during the growing phase of the large yellow croaker is basically the same as the requirements for the cultivation of the fingerlings, except that the specifications and mesh size of the cages change with the growth of the fingerlings. The depth of cages is usually between 3.5-4.0m, and the mesh size is between 20-60mm. In order to avoid abrasion of the fish body, the mesh material of the netting material having a softer texture is better.
2. Stocking of fingerlings (1) Selection of fish fingerlings Fish stocks that are stocked should be selected in the same size, with a strong constitution, complete body scales, and no disease or injury. Regulation of stocking in the same cage is required to be consistent and consistent. If you plan to meet the specifications of 400g or more in the current year, the specifications for stocked fish should be around 100g.
(2) Methods for transporting fingerlings The methods for transporting fingerlings include live water boats, moving water tankers, fishing rods, water tanks, and oxygenation of plastic bags. As a productive long-distance transport, it is better to transport by live water. The transport of fish species is generally performed in the autumn when the water temperature falls to 18-16°C, or in the spring when the water temperature rises above 13°C. The fish species during or after the onset of illness may not be shipped. Living water ships should be transported in a warm and windy atmosphere. For fish species that are transported by rear water ships for more than 24 hours, the reference density is 500 fishes/m3 (specification 75g), that is, about 40 kg/m3, and the density of the fishes transported by other bodies of water is much smaller than the above.
(3) Stocking of fish species in cages in the acute sea area. Stocking of fingerlings should be selected during the tidal period. After the fish species reach the cage area, they can be used to soak and sterilize the fish species with a moderate amount of antibiotic and a moderate amount of formalin in light of the time gap between the buckets and the cages. If you use a closed body of water to transport fish species, avoid sudden changes in conditions such as specific gravity and water temperature when weighing into boxes. The method of adding seawater in the door box area to the transport water body can be used for short-term transient treatment. The stocking density of fingerlings is determined by the flow of water in the cage and the specifications of the fingerlings. The reference density is 75 g/25 m/m3, and the uterine rate before harvest is 12-14 tail/m3, ie 6-7 kg/m3.
3. Feeds fed into cages and feeding (1) Types and processing of feeds Feeds for the large yellow croaker cultivation stage are generally frozen oysters (fish ginseng), or supplemented with powder and the same material, after processing Feeding, first, using a knife or meat cutter cut into palatable pieces of fish. The method is convenient to process and is not easy to collapse in water. The disadvantage is that it is not convenient to add additives and the nutrition is relatively simple. Two-legged frozen fish is chopped into meat moromi and mixed into a sticky mass of pellets and squeezed into chunks of different sizes by hand and thrown into the cage. This method can be mixed with part of powdered compound feed or other fish. Shellfish and other feed, but also easy to add vitamins and other drugs, nutrition and comprehensive. Large yellow croakers are carnivorous and have a high demand for protein. According to preliminary tests, the protein content of the artificial compound feed at the growing stage is appropriate at about 45%, and the content of the carbon and water-based makeup should be controlled at about 5%.
Frozen oysters (fish ginseng) are easily oxidized in the thawing process, the color becomes darker, the meat is soft and the quality is significantly reduced. For this reason, before processing, it is advisable to use a mechanical method to knock the frozen fish off, and then soak it slightly in seawater to thawed the surface of the feed fish. Drain the water to process it. The fish gills processed in this way are lighter in color and better in freshness. Do not soak for a long time or use the heat of the sun to thaw.
During the high-temperature period, all the powdered compound feeds or floating-water bulking feeds are also effective, and the mixed use of powdery compound feeds and floating-water bulking feeds is more effective. When using floating-water bulked feeds, the feed should be first 1:1. 5, soaking in water for 20-30 minutes to make the feed completely absorbent and feeding (2), feeding a large batch of fresh yellow croaker each day during the morning and evening feeding; during the winter (water temperature 10-15°C) generally everyday Once, in rainy weather, it can be once every other day.
The amount of feeding on the day was determined based on the previous day's food intake, the weather, the color, the changes in the current day, and whether or not the cultured fish had been transferred. Wet feeds should be put in about 5% in the high temperature season (water temperature above 29°C), with a high of 6 to 8%, and within 1% during the winter.
According to the practice for many years, the feed coefficient of the processed chilled feed was slightly higher than that of the large yellow croaker.
The feeding method for the large yellow croaker during the growing stage is the same as the fish stage. Before feeding and feeding, try to avoid walking back and forth. Otherwise, it will significantly affect the feeding of large yellow croaker.
4. Management operations for cage development The management operations of the cage culture phase of the large yellow croaker are basically the same as the cultivation stage of the fingerlings. However, it should be emphasized that the most rapid growth of cultivated people is during the high temperature period. This is also the season when the cages are most likely to attach plant attachments. Wash cages often, usually every 30 days or so. In combination with the wash cage, the fish in cages are sorted out with large and small specifications, leaving medium-sized sorting work, and soaking and disinfecting with anti-bacterial substances, light water solutions, etc.
In order to maintain the golden natural body color of commercial fish, it is best to cover the shading curtain on the cage at the later stage of rearing.
In the contiguous cage culture area with poor water quality and fertility, we must adhere to the fish dynamics, especially the hot weather, three times a day morning, afternoon and evening, paying special attention to the inspection work in the early morning to prevent hypoxia.
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