Seabuckthorn, also known as vinegar, yellow thorn, sour thorn, etc., is a deciduous shrub plant of the genus Hippophae, which has high cultivation value, drought tolerance, and wind-resistant sand. It can survive on saline-alkali land and is widely used in water and soil. Keeping a lot of seabuckthorn planted in the northwest of China for desert greening, the fruit has high vitamin C content, and is known as the king of vitamin C. Let's take a look at the planting technology of seabuckthorn!
Seabuckthorn growth habits Hippophae rhamnoides are positive tree species, hi-light, the requirements for soil are not very strict, distributed in mille soil, gray calcium soil, brown soil, meadow soil, black soil, in gravel soil, Light saline-alkali soils, sandy soils, and even in eucalyptus sandstone and semi-stone semi-soil areas can grow, but do not like too heavy soil.
There are certain requirements for precipitation, generally should be more than 400 mm of annual precipitation, but do not like water. The temperature requirements are not very strict, the extreme minimum temperature can reach -50 °C, the extreme maximum temperature can reach 50 °C, and the annual sunshine hours are 1500-3300 hours.
Seabuckthorn breeding technology
1. Sowing: The seeds are swelled before the spring sowing, and the row spacing is 10-15 cm, and the depth is 3 cm. After 1 week, the seedlings emerged. When the first pair of true leaves appeared, the seedlings began, and when the fourth pair of true leaves appeared, the second seedlings remained at a distance of 5 cm. Autumn sowing should be carried out in the late autumn. After sowing, the surface is covered with water, frozen in winter and frozen in the next year.
2, cuttings: cuttings to select medium-mature growing branches, the insertion period is not good from mid-June to August, the plant spacing is (10 ~ 15) × (5 ~ 10) cm. In the second year of spring transplantation, the row spacing is (30-60) × (15 ~ 17) cm. Afforestation with 1 to 2 years of asexual reproduction of seedlings, planting density is better with dense planting, the plant spacing is 4 × 2 meters.
Seabuckthorn planting technology
1. Growth cycle: The growth of seabuckthorn is divided into four stages: seedling stage, fruit-hanging stage, pro-fruit stage and declining stage. The basement growth is mainly in the second year after planting, the aboveground part grows slowly, and the growth is vigorous in 3 to 4 years. The adult seabuckthorn tree is 2 to 2.5 meters high and has a crown width of 1.5 to 2 meters. In the fifth year, it enters the peak fruit period, and generally enters a recession period after 15 years of age.
2. Planting density: The seabuckthorn tree is planted with about 220 plants per acre, and the plant spacing is 1.5×2 meters. The seabuckthorn tree is dioecious. When planting, pay attention to the male and female reasonable ratio. Generally, 8 female plants are planted with 1 male plant. The size of the tree seedlings is usually 35 cm in diameter and 35 cm in depth. It is better to use a two-year-old twig seedling.
3, the whole tree shape: the sea buckthorn tree should be cleaned up in time to remove the diseased branches, dead branches, scrape the diseased skin, and in the knife cut wounds in time to apply the callus anti-corrosion film, promote wound healing, prevent pathogens from invading the infection, respectively in the flower buds During the period, young fruit period and fruit expansion period, spray strong fruit tingling, increase the fruit pedicle, prevent falling flowers, improve pollination ability, increase the fruit setting rate, and accelerate the expansion speed.
4. Promoting flower differentiation: The size of the fruit of the seabuckthorn tree makes the tree body unbalanced, which affects the balanced income and affects the health of the orchard. It is necessary to promote the flower king 2 once in the annual flower bud differentiation period. Flower bud differentiation, increase the rate of flowering and fruit set, and suppress the madness of the shoots, completely equalizing the size of the year.
5. Disease prevention and control: The main disease of seabuckthorn is dry shrinkage disease. When planting, it should choose resistant varieties, strengthen field management, loosen soil regularly, enhance soil permeability and improve disease resistance of plants. Chemical control started in late April, and watering 40% carbendazim suspension 500 times solution or methyl thiophanate 800 times solution, once a month for 3 to 5 times.
6. Insect pest control: Common pests of seabuckthorn include spring scorpion scorpion, apple leaf curler, sea buckthorn locust and scorpion pest pest bud moth, etc., in 25% killing 毙 2500 times liquid or 20% in the occurrence period of spring stalk and larvae Quickly kill and kill 3000 times liquid spray, control sea buckthorn aphid can spray 10% imidacloprid 2500 ~ 3000 times liquid.
7. Harvesting at the right time: The ripening period of sea buckthorn fruit is marked by the unique color and fruit size and determines the harvesting period. Because there are many spines in the long, the fruit is small, the skin is thin and easy to break, and the short stem can not fall off naturally. Harvesting brings many difficulties, so the labor used for harvesting accounts for almost 90% of the labor of seabuckthorn cultivation.
8. Preservation technology: The conditions for storage of seabuckthorn fruit are very strict. The newly harvested seabuckthorn fruit cannot be sold for a short time and must be stored for a short time. The stored fruits must be kept at a low temperature, ventilated and environment capable of removing harmful gases. The storage temperature is preferably 1 to 5 ° C, and the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 90 to 95%.
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