[ Experimental Overview ]:
Febrile seizures (FS), also known as hyperthermic seizures, is one of the most common emergencies in pediatrics . It is generally believed that the clinical course and prognosis of febrile seizures are good. Clinical studies have found that there is a relationship between febrile seizures and temporal lobe epilepsy ; animal experiments have confirmed that febrile seizures can lead to neuronal loss and gliosis in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions. The study of thermal convulsions has been paid attention to by scholars at home and abroad. In August 2002, we used a hot water bath method to establish febrile seizure rat model to explore the effects of febrile seizures on locomotor activity and learning and memory abilities of rats from the experimental point of view.
The Morris water maze ( MWM ) experiment (model XR-XM101 ) is an experiment in which forced experimental animals (rats, mice) swim and learn to find platforms hidden in the water. The Morris water maze is mainly used for Testing experimental animals' ability to learn and remember spatial position and sense of direction (spatial localization) is widely used in learning and memory, senile dementia, hippocampus / external hippocampus research, intelligence and aging, new drug development / screening / evaluation, pharmacology, toxicity Scientific research and computer-aided teaching in many disciplines such as science, preventive medicine, neurobiology, animal psychology, and behavioral biology have been widely recognized in the world, and are the behavioral research, especially in medical schools. The classic experiment of choice with memory research.
ã€Abstract】 Objective To investigate the influence mechanism of rat behavioral movement and spatial learning and memory ability of Morris water maze . Method 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into groups febrile seizure (FS), fever control group (FG) and control group (NG). Dynamic changes of behavioral movements in the sloping plate test, suspension test, and open field activity test and changes in spatial learning and memory ability in the Morris water maze were observed . Results In the sloping plate test , the rat rotation time was FS group (9 1 ± 2 6 ) s, FG group (5 3 ± 2 1) s, NG group (5 3 ± 2 0 ) s, FS group and others. There was significant difference between the two groups (P 0 0 1). In the suspension test , the suspension time of the rats was FS group (33 4 ± 18 1) s, FG group (5 0 1 ± 2 0 3) s. ,
[Keywords] : Behavior  animal  memory  Maze learning  Morris Water Maze
Materials and Methods
First, experimental animals and grouping
21 male SD rats 60-day-old, body weight (50 ± 5) g; 60 numbered 1 to rats, were randomly divided into randomly febrile seizure group (FS), fever control group (the FG), Normal control group (NG), rats in each group
Number are 20; in each group (20 ± 3) at a temperature ℃ feeding, drinking free access to food.
Second, the thermal convulsion model
1. Model establishment : The hot convulsion rat model was established by hot water bath method . The specific method was as follows: the FS group rats were placed in a transparent glass tube ( 10 cm in diameter and 50 cm in height ), and there were multiple lower parts of the glass tube. and external communication orifice; cylinder erected on the constant temperature water bath (100 cm × 70 cm × 50 cm) , the discharge through a pad of rubber gasket into a glass cylinder barrel bottom in order to adjust the depth of the water, along the cylindrical wall when standing in rats only the head is exposed subject; on each rat, with the average PM provoke convulsions method 1, a total of 10 times for 5 d; latency of convulsions and record the occurrence of seizures observed, the level and duration of convulsions immediate large The rectal temperature of the mouse. Rats in the FG group were bathed in hot water for 2 min in the same manner without convulsions. The NG group does not perform any processing.
2. Level convulsions: Jiang et convulsions reference level [1] criteria: 0, no convulsions occurred; Level 1, facial twitching; Level 2, nodding; 3, forelimb clonic convulsions; grade 4, generalized tonic; 5 The whole body is strong and straightforward.
Third, sports behavior research
1. The swash plate test (inclined plane test, IPT): The rats were placed on the head in a downward direction 45 ° inclined board, rats instinctively recording the time required up to the swivel head, a recording unit of time s .
2. Suspension Test (over hanging test, OHT): Rats seize a flying forelimbs (height 50 cm) horizontal copper (diameter 015 cm), a rat is placed to fall recording time, recording time
The unit is s .
3. The open field activity testing (open field test, OFT): The center of a 60 cm × 60 cm with no top bottom, × 60 cm wooden box divided into 36 small squares, rat placed at the bottom of the wooden box, recording The number of grids in which the rat was active within 30 s . The scoring criteria are : 1 / 2 of the rats enter the adjacent square with 1 point , and the hind limbs stand for 1 point , which is the total score.
The above test was tested non-continuously 5 times at 1 h after hot water bath , and the average value was taken as the current day's score.
Morris water maze test (MWMT)
1. Morris Water Maze Composition : The complete equipment of Morris Water Maze was built by Shanghai Xinsoft Information Technology Co., Ltd.
The Water Palace consists of a circular water pool ( 1 60 cm in diameter and 50 cm in height ) , an image acquisition system ( camera ) and a SuperMaze operational analysis system ( microcomputer and software ) . Circular pool is two imaginary vertical line through the center of the divided into four quadrants, and the outside of the wall of the corresponding mark. Place a circular transparent platform ( 10 cm in diameter and 28 cm high ) in the middle waters of one of the quadrants . The platform is hidden at 2 cm below the surface of the water and the water temperature is maintained at around 24 °C.
2. Morris water maze test procedures: (1) place navigation (place navigation test, PNT): Before the test, a rat Angels 2 min free swimming in the pool, to become familiar with the environment. A total test time of 5 d, every day, four times each afternoon (per formula rats were top wall into the water from the midpoint of each quadrant 1), image acquisition and analysis system, the system automatically records saved trajectory rats, Find information about the platform's escape latency , swimming time, swimming speed, swimming distance, and search strategy for finding stations. If the platform is still not found for 120 s , the operator will take the rats to the platform for 4 s and the incubation period as 120 s . (2) space exploration test (spatial probe test,
SPT): Upon the completion of the fourth place navigation 5 am, pm 5th Test site removed, and the midpoint of the selected region of the platform into the opposite quadrant of the water point, the recording rats search within 120 s The number of times, the proportion of time, and the search strategy for the station to pass through the station area.
3. Search Strategy (strategy): search platform strategy rats divided into linear (straight), tend formula (taxis), random-type (random) and edge type (marginal). Linear refers to the midpoint of the platform into the water connection point and the central axis, rats within a certain range along a linear trajectory similar search site; formula similar linear trends, but is offset from said central axis large The trajectory is longer ; the edge type is centered on the midpoint of the rat's motion area , and a certain radius is used to make a circle . Most of the trajectories of the rats fall outside the circle, which is similar to the rat's surrounding platform along the inner wall of the pool. Edge motion ; random style refers to the motion mode that does not meet any of the above search strategies. From the perspective of the efficiency of the search platform , the order of the four strategies is linear, trending, random, and edge.
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