At the Sunji Sub-district Office in Shouguang City, many villagers have already developed a special planting habit of cucumber intercropping balsam pear. After many years of experience of the villagers, this planting model has gradually matured and has become a good channel for them to increase production and increase income.
In principle, bitter gourd is a heat-resistant effect with few pests and diseases. Using a greenhouse for cucumber cultivation of bitter gourd, fully utilize the greenhouse's leisure period, and increase the utilization rate of greenhouse facilities. Because bitter gourd grows slowly before vines are pumped, it does not affect the growth of cucumbers in winter, and there is no need for scaffolding at the later stage. It is possible to use a greenhouse arch to climb.
Variety selection General vegetable growers use pickles cucumber for scion, black seed pumpkin for rootstock, and grafting for seedlings. Bitter gourd uses strong growth, heat resistance, and fewer pests and diseases.
Seedling cucumbers were planted before and after October 15th, and methods of cutting off the roots were used. The black squash was soaked in warm water at 50°C for 15 minutes before sowing, and soaked in warm water at 30°C for 3 to 4 days. When the cotyledons of cucumber seedlings are expanded, they can be grafted. Afterwards, the rooted cucumber seedlings were inserted into pre-prepared seedbeds. The grafted seedlings must be carefully managed and planted about 20 days after grafting. Bitter gourd was sowed before and after November 10th. The seeds were sown with warm water at 60°C for 15 minutes before sowing and soaked in warm water at 30°C for 12 hours. The fish were then wrapped in gauze and germinated at 30°C until 80%. Seed germination
Species.
Before fertilizing and soil preparation, 1/15 hectares of decomposed chicken manure 2000-3000 kg, cake fertilizer 100 kg, and ternary compound fertilizer 50 kg. Deep plowing 30 cm, ridging after leveling, ridge height 10 to 15 cm.
Colonization When cucumbers 3 to 4 true leaves are planted, colonization is carried out, and the row spacing is 80 cm, 50 cm, and the spacing of plants is 27 to 30 cm. Every 4 rows of cucumber leaves 1 row of bitter gourd nesting rows, and the row width is 1.2 meters. Planting bitter gourd. Bitter gourd is colonized with 4 true leaves with a spacing of 40 cm.
management
1, temperature management
The indoor greenhouse maintains 25 to 30°C during the day and 15 to 18°C ​​during the night. In order to increase the cold-resistance ability of the plants, a 1% concentration of plant cold-resistance agent can be sprayed once at the time of emergence, flowering, and young fruit period.
2, water and fertilizer management
Cucumbers are poured into the initial stage of harvesting roots after watering the shoots, generally not watering, mainly to promote root control, from the beginning of the melon to the entire fruiting period, watering should be more, usually 10 to 15 days to water once, Rainy days and cool weather are not watered. It is better to water at around 12:00 in the cold season. It is best to use well water. Bitter gourd should avoid pouring water before dumping vines. As the plants grow, the temperature gradually rises, and the amount of watering should be gradually increased. It is better to water every morning and night in the hot season.
Usually every other time, clean water, watering and irrigating 1 compound fertilizer (based on humic acid fertilizer in winter), every 1/15 hectares of fertilizer, 10 to 15 kg, conditional increase of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer.
3, plant adjustment
The bitter gourd has strong branches, and the result rate of the female flowers on the main vines decreases with the rise of the nodes, and the yield depends mainly on the results of the female flowers in the first to fourth sections. The pruning method is to maintain the growth of the main vine. The side vines below the main vine are all removed. After the main vine grows to a certain height, 2 to 3 robust side vines are added to the main vine. The vines, the melons stayed, and the festival was torn, and no melons were cut off.
4, disease prevention
The main diseases of cucumber are downy mildew, anthracnose, and epidemic disease. The diseases of bitter gourd include spot disease and anthrax. Control methods, downy mildew and epidemic use 52% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250 g smoke per 1/15 ha, or spray with 64% antivirus 400 times; anthrax 80% anthrax 800 times Spray; spot disease with 70% thiophanate-methyl spray 800 times.
In principle, bitter gourd is a heat-resistant effect with few pests and diseases. Using a greenhouse for cucumber cultivation of bitter gourd, fully utilize the greenhouse's leisure period, and increase the utilization rate of greenhouse facilities. Because bitter gourd grows slowly before vines are pumped, it does not affect the growth of cucumbers in winter, and there is no need for scaffolding at the later stage. It is possible to use a greenhouse arch to climb.
Variety selection General vegetable growers use pickles cucumber for scion, black seed pumpkin for rootstock, and grafting for seedlings. Bitter gourd uses strong growth, heat resistance, and fewer pests and diseases.
Seedling cucumbers were planted before and after October 15th, and methods of cutting off the roots were used. The black squash was soaked in warm water at 50°C for 15 minutes before sowing, and soaked in warm water at 30°C for 3 to 4 days. When the cotyledons of cucumber seedlings are expanded, they can be grafted. Afterwards, the rooted cucumber seedlings were inserted into pre-prepared seedbeds. The grafted seedlings must be carefully managed and planted about 20 days after grafting. Bitter gourd was sowed before and after November 10th. The seeds were sown with warm water at 60°C for 15 minutes before sowing and soaked in warm water at 30°C for 12 hours. The fish were then wrapped in gauze and germinated at 30°C until 80%. Seed germination
Species.
Before fertilizing and soil preparation, 1/15 hectares of decomposed chicken manure 2000-3000 kg, cake fertilizer 100 kg, and ternary compound fertilizer 50 kg. Deep plowing 30 cm, ridging after leveling, ridge height 10 to 15 cm.
Colonization When cucumbers 3 to 4 true leaves are planted, colonization is carried out, and the row spacing is 80 cm, 50 cm, and the spacing of plants is 27 to 30 cm. Every 4 rows of cucumber leaves 1 row of bitter gourd nesting rows, and the row width is 1.2 meters. Planting bitter gourd. Bitter gourd is colonized with 4 true leaves with a spacing of 40 cm.
management
1, temperature management
The indoor greenhouse maintains 25 to 30°C during the day and 15 to 18°C ​​during the night. In order to increase the cold-resistance ability of the plants, a 1% concentration of plant cold-resistance agent can be sprayed once at the time of emergence, flowering, and young fruit period.
2, water and fertilizer management
Cucumbers are poured into the initial stage of harvesting roots after watering the shoots, generally not watering, mainly to promote root control, from the beginning of the melon to the entire fruiting period, watering should be more, usually 10 to 15 days to water once, Rainy days and cool weather are not watered. It is better to water at around 12:00 in the cold season. It is best to use well water. Bitter gourd should avoid pouring water before dumping vines. As the plants grow, the temperature gradually rises, and the amount of watering should be gradually increased. It is better to water every morning and night in the hot season.
Usually every other time, clean water, watering and irrigating 1 compound fertilizer (based on humic acid fertilizer in winter), every 1/15 hectares of fertilizer, 10 to 15 kg, conditional increase of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer.
3, plant adjustment
The bitter gourd has strong branches, and the result rate of the female flowers on the main vines decreases with the rise of the nodes, and the yield depends mainly on the results of the female flowers in the first to fourth sections. The pruning method is to maintain the growth of the main vine. The side vines below the main vine are all removed. After the main vine grows to a certain height, 2 to 3 robust side vines are added to the main vine. The vines, the melons stayed, and the festival was torn, and no melons were cut off.
4, disease prevention
The main diseases of cucumber are downy mildew, anthracnose, and epidemic disease. The diseases of bitter gourd include spot disease and anthrax. Control methods, downy mildew and epidemic use 52% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250 g smoke per 1/15 ha, or spray with 64% antivirus 400 times; anthrax 80% anthrax 800 times Spray; spot disease with 70% thiophanate-methyl spray 800 times.
Disinfection And Antiseptic For Humans
Jiangxi Institute of Biological Products Inc. , https://www.jxinstitute.com