Pollution-free aquaculture is a sustainable and environmentally friendly method of raising aquatic species. It involves maintaining a clean breeding environment, following strict production processes, and ensuring that the final products meet national standards for pollution-free food. These products are certified with the official "pollution-free product" logo, which guarantees their safety and quality. The water used in aquaculture must comply with the "Non-polluting Food Freshwater Aquaculture Water Quality" standard (NY5051), while the soil should meet the requirements of the "Non-hazardous Aquatic Product Origin Environment." Proper water body space, controlled stocking density, and scientific disease prevention methods are essential to ensure the health of both the farmed species and the workers involved.
When choosing a breeding environment, it's important to select areas with fresh air, clean water sources, good drainage, and convenient transportation. Avoid locations near paper mills, breweries, or textile factories that might pollute the area. In agriculture, synthetic pesticides, veterinary drugs, fertilizers, and feed should be used in limited quantities and at specific times. Farm films should be reclaimed properly. For daily life, reduce the use of detergents or choose eco-friendly options to protect water resources and promote a green lifestyle.
Pond cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps in pollution-free aquaculture. This includes trimming the pond edges, removing excess sludge (about 20 cm deep), and exposing the bottom for over 20 days to decompose organic matter. Remove predators and apply lime or microbial preparations to disinfect the area effectively.
Maintaining good water quality is essential for healthy aquatic growth. Factors like feeding, fertilization, and waste can affect water conditions. Use quicklime, herbal remedies, or beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus and EM to improve water quality, break down harmful substances, and adjust pH levels.
Selecting high-quality seedlings is key to successful aquaculture. Common species include grass carp, silver carp, mussels, and shrimp. Choose species based on your technical expertise, market demand, and environmental suitability. Stocking should be done scientifically, considering water depth, temperature, and available natural feed.
Feeding should be done carefully using fresh, safe, and nutritious feed. Green feed should be tender, while artificial feed must meet hygiene standards. Feed should be stable in water, with specific time limits—shrimp feed for 4–6 hours, fish feed for 2 hours. Follow the "four principles" of feeding: right amount, timing, location, and quality.
Daily management includes regular monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH levels. Maintain good water circulation by using aerators, and change water when necessary to keep the environment clean and balanced.
Disease prevention is critical in pollution-free aquaculture. Focus on creating a healthy ecosystem through proper disinfection, water treatment, and feed management. Use traditional Chinese medicine, ecological methods, and biological agents instead of antibiotics. Regular inspections help detect and treat diseases early.
Medication should be applied correctly, using methods like oral administration, bath treatments, or injections. Follow guidelines strictly, especially regarding withdrawal periods before harvest. For example, bleaching powder requires at least 15 days, chlorine dioxide 10 days, and oxolinic acid 21–25 days depending on the species. Ensuring no drug residues are present is vital before selling the products.
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