Tomato soilless cultivation techniques

I. Facilities Conditions: Use existing solar energy-saving greenhouses for soilless cultivation, and install soilless cultivation systems in greenhouses, including cultivation tanks, irrigation facilities, and cultivation substrates. 1. Cultivation trough: 80 cm in the north of the greenhouse to do the streets, south of 30 centimeters, with bricks into a north-south direction of the cultivation trough, the width of 48 cm, groove border height of 24 cm, the bricks should be flat, slot distance of 72 cm. The base of the tank is covered with a layer of 0.1 mm thick plastic film. The uppermost brick is pressed against the edge of the membrane. A 3 cm thick clean river sand is laid over the membrane. A woven bag is laid over the sand and the bag is filled with a cultivation substrate. 2. Irrigation facilities: Use a tap water facility or a reservoir with a water level difference of 1.5 meters to build an independent irrigation system in a single greenhouse. Plastic pipes can be used for the main pipe inside the shed and the drip irrigation belt in the cultivation tank. Drip irrigation belts are provided in the tank. 1-2 Root, and put on a narrow plastic film 0.1 mm thick. 3. Cultivation matrix: The organic matrix can be corn stalk, mushroom residue, sawdust, etc. The inorganic matrix is ​​sand or slag. The ratio of coal gangue, sawdust and corn stove is 1:2:2. The substrate is piled 25cm thick 15 days before use and sprayed on the cover membrane to disinfect and sterilize. Then add 2kg of organic soilless cultivation special fertilizer per square meter of substrate, 10kg of chicken manure is sterilized, and the trough can be filled after mixing. The substrate is disinfected after each crop is harvested. Second, soilless seedlings: selection of low temperature, low light, high yield, strong resistance to hair powder 802, September 28 soaked germination, most seeds can be sown after exposed white. Using artificial soilless plug breeding method. According to the peat moss: vermiculite is a ratio of 3:1 with a good matrix, 5 kg of chicken manure and 0.5 kg of vermiculite compound fertilizer are added per square meter of matrix, and after mixing, 72 holes of plastic discs are filled, one for each hole. Cover the stone 1 cm above the plate and separate it from the soil with a plastic film. The pre-emergence temperature is maintained at 25-30°C, and the temperature after emergence is 20-25°C during the day and 10-15°C during the night. Seedlings should be kept moist and grow out of 3-4 true leaves for planting for about 30 days. 3. Colonization: Before the planting, the substrate should be evenly leveled and leveled, and the irrigation tank should be immersed to make the matrix fully absorb water. After infiltrating the water, the water is infiltrated with 2 rows per tank. The substrate is slightly higher than the seedlings, and the spacing is 30 cm. 3000 strains, poured water after planting. Fourth, cultivation management: 1. Fertilizer management: After 20 days of planting, top dressing is started. After every 10 days, the fertilizer is chased once. Each time, 10-15 grams of special fertilizer are chased. After 7 days, the fruit is chased once. Each time, 25 g of fertilizer is used. Fertilizer should be uniformly distributed. 5 cm from the root, it can infiltrate into the matrix with water. Carbon dioxide gas fertilizer can also be applied in the shed. Water is poured every 5 days after general planting. 2. Temperature and light management: After planting, daytime temperature is 22-25°C and nighttime is 10-15°C. After fruiting, it is 25-28°C during the day and 12°C at night. The temperature in the winter can reach 30°C in a short time, but it cannot pass through the wind. After the winter has passed, normal temperature management resumes. 3. Hanging vines and pruning: When the leaves are 6-7 leaves, the vine is hanged with a polypropylene plastic rope. The upper part of the rope is fixed on the wire of the scaffold and the lower part is on the stem base. The vines are twined with the sling and remain upright. Only the spindle growth results were retained during pruning, and the lateral branches in all leafhoppers were removed. 4. Flower protection and fruit thinning: Use 10 ppm to 15 ppm of 2,4-D solution at 7-9 AM to increase fruit setting. In order to ensure that the fruit is large in quality, 3-4 fruits per plant are left, and the remaining flowers and fruit are removed in time.