The survey shows that in recent years, wheat powdery mildew in the Lixiahe wheat area has shown high prevalence, early re-issued years, and heavy damage. Taking Jianhu County as an example, in the 10 years from 2006 to 2015, the wheat powdery mildew epidemics have been going on for 3 years, namely 2013, 2014, and 2015; the four-year biases have taken place. They were 2007, 2008, and 2009 respectively. In 2012, it took 3 years to occur in medium term, 2006, 2010, and 2011 respectively. During the period from 2013 to 2015, the era of the occurrence of powdery mildew was significantly earlier than that of normal years, which were April 2, March 25, and March 22, respectively, and the beginning of the year was around April 7. About 10 days after the illness, the disease progressed relatively slowly, but the condition rose rapidly in the first half of April, and the damage caused by powdery mildew after prevention and treatment was still heavy.
According to the analysis, the late planting of wheat resulted in too much seeding in recent years, resulting in high population density, unpleasant fields, and weak wheat seedlings, which is beneficial to the occurrence of powdery mildew. At the same time, heavy green fertilizer and light ear fertilizer are applied again, which results in the prolonged growth of the young wheat seedlings after the spring and the young tissues. The humidity of the microclimate in the field is increased, which increases the plant's susceptibility and is conducive to the germination and epidemic of the powdery mildew. The weather conditions have a great influence on the development of wheat powdery mildew, with high temperatures in autumn and winter, prolonged wheat growing time before winter, and prolonged infection time before the winter wheat powdery mildew. Warm winter is conducive to pathogenic bacteria wintering and winter fungus reproduction and development. The temperature in the early spring has risen early, which is beneficial to the spread of powdery mildew. High humidity is conducive to the infection and incidence of the disease. During the onset of spring, more rainy days, less sunshine, and high humidity in the field will increase the incidence. The occurrence of major wheat powdery mildew in 2014 and 2015 was closely related to weather conditions. In addition, due to the relatively low occurrence of powdery mildew in the past, farmers neglected the early prevention of powdery mildew. In the latter part of April and early May, powdery mildew was used as a concurrent treatment target to prevent the occurrence of powdery mildew and lead to the early onset of powdery mildew. It is difficult to effectively control the disease epidemic because of the poor effect of recurrence in the year of retransmission. In the peak season of powdery mildew, the condition index is high, even the best drugs such as azoxystrobin, etherum esters are difficult to control the occurrence and harm of powdery mildew.
For the early and re-emergence of powdery mildew, we should adhere to the "prevention-based, early-to-advanced" strategy. We must organize and prevent the occurrence of powdery mildew at the beginning of the disease to reduce the incidence of disease and reduce the development of diseases. It can prevent sheath blight and prevent powdery mildew at the end of March and early April. After 7 to 10 days, it can be used once again. It can prevent powdery mildew and treat rice sheath blight. Specifically determine the time of first medication based on the degree of occurrence and development of the two diseases.
In the past five years, there have been many types of agents for the control of wheat powdery mildew, including triazoles, methoxyacrylates, and pyrimidineamines. Triazoles such as triadimefon, propiconazole, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, tetrafluorocarbazole, epoxiconazole, myclobutanil, diniconazole, and the like. The methoxy acrylates and their admixtures are, for example, carbendazim, chloropyradine, chlorpropiprozole, ketene, and the like. Pyrimidine amines such as ethyl pyridine and so on. The drugs with different mechanisms of action will be used interchangeably to reduce or delay the development of drug resistance of pathogens and improve control efficiency. In the case of powdery mildew resistance to triazoles and re-emergence of powdery mildew, it is necessary to appropriately increase the amount of medication. The amount of water on the mobile mist is not less than 20 kg per mu, and the conventional spray is not less than 30 kg per mu. Promotion of mist sprayer or electric sprayer spray, where conditions permit, self-propelled and stretcher-type new efficient plant protection machinery can be promoted to ensure high liquid adhesion rate and good control effect on the blade.
Non-Inactivated Disposable Virus Sampling Tube
This disposable Non-Inactivated virus sampling tube is an upgrade from the Hank's solution. Additional various components, such as BSA, HEPES, amino acids, cryoprotectant, etc., are added to enhance the virus integrity. It can be used for nucleic acid extraction of virus, mvcoplasma chlamydia and ureaplasma samples and later virus isolation.
This disposable non-inactivated virus sampling tube consists of fibrous swab and culture medium.The medium contains antibiotics and antimycotics for the purpose of inhabitation of bacteria and veasts overgrowth. It helps to maintain the cellular integrity and preserve the viruses, mycoplasma, chlamydiae and ureaplasma.
When collect specimens with this disposable Non-inactivated virus sampling tube, tube can be transported to the laboratory at 2-8ºC within 2 days. If it can not be delivered to the laboratory within 48hours, it should be stored at-70ºC or below, and ensure that the collected specimens are delivered to the laboratory within 1 week. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. For best performance, complete testing within 24 hours.
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