Recently, there are fruit farmers friends want to trim the walnuts, but access to a number of information, and some said that walnut trimming to grasp the three best period, namely: 1. Walnut leaves after discoloration to the former, 2. winter season when the cold days , 3. One month before the walnut sprouts. Some said that due to prone to pruning dormancy during the dormant period and weakening the tree vigor, and even causing local branches dead, the appropriate pruning period of walnut trees to harvest after the fall fruit to the deciduous period of time is better, the winter should not be pruned. When is the best time to prune?
In fact, walnut trees can be trimmed throughout the year. The pruning time of walnut trees is different from other tree species. If the period is not appropriate, there will be "injury flow" phenomenon, the loss of tree nutrients, resulting in weakening of the tree, generally divided into dormant period and no injury period pruning. According to the multi-year planter trials, the pruning periods in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, and pruning during different pruning periods have different problems and the effects of pruning are also different.
Spring pruning Spring pruning refers to the pruning that takes place after the walnut tree has sprouted to the front of the leaf. As temperatures continue to rise, after the tree germinates, nutrients stored in the roots are continuously transported upwards and nutrients begin to transform. At this time, the tree needs more nutrients. In this case, pruning will cause injury, and a large part of the nutrients will be lost to weaken the tree potential, reduce the fruit setting rate, affect the yield, reduce the quality, and thus reduce the income. If it is an unproductive or overgrown tree, pruning at this time can well control growth, weakening the tree vigor and giving early results. Therefore, when walnut trees enter the early fruit period (early-early varieties), they should not be trimmed, and trees that grow too prosperous and inefficient should be cut. These trees are suitable for late fruiting early fruit varieties and should promote early results.
Summer pruning Summer pruning must master the pruning period. After pruning, if the temperature reaches about 30°C, the walnut fruits are exposed, which can easily cause burns and reduce the nutritional quality, thereby reducing the benefits. It was observed that the best was completed from late May to the end of June. At this time, pruning was carried out by combining scion and cutting. The short cut was the main factor. The length of the shoots was 3 cm at most, and the buds or lateral buds were left and the spacing between the layers was left. The dense branches were removed and the drooping branches were retracted. After cutting, we must strengthen fertilizer and water management. Specific practice: spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300 times from the end of June, once in 10 days, until the end of the fallen leaves. After 7 months, the application of nitrogen fertilizer was stopped, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied; water was not sprayed before August to fall; in the middle of September, paclobutrazol was used to control growth and enhance the pruning effect.
The autumn trim was performed after the walnut was harvested until the leaves turned yellow (mid-September to early November). At this time, the leaves did not fall, there was no injurious phenomenon, and the dense branches and shading branches were easy to see, and they were removed to facilitate ventilation. However, the nutrients were not returned during this time, and the cut leaves and shoots contained a large amount of nutrients that were not returned. And autumn cut wounds to the winter, such as temperature instability will still have a bad flow, and the branches less than 1.5 cm in diameter draw slightly heavier (about 2 cm). Therefore, autumn shearing is suitable for the pruning of weak trees, old trees, and hillside walnut trees. At this time, there is no injury to fluent branches and promotes strong growth.
The best period of winter pruning is theoretically suitable from the cold to the beginning of spring. Injury of walnut trees generally begins after the fall of leaves and stops after the buds sprout in the coming spring. However, not all injuries occur during the rest period. When the temperature fluctuates up and down at 0°C, sometimes there is no injurious flow. When the temperature is stable at or above 0°C for a long time, the injurious flow shows little or no occurrence. In addition, the size of the injurious flow has a great relationship with the tree vigor, the environment, and the public opinion of the past year, and the damage flow of the tree decreases with the increase of the grade of branches. It can be seen that as long as the actual situation of temperature and climate is every year, it is feasible to seize the favorable opportunity for winter cutting, but it is necessary to seize the middle and twigs during critical periods. Pruning at this time can ease the time conflict between spring, autumn and farmers.
In short, the walnut tree pruning should follow the following points: increase the shear strength of summer shear, do a good job after cutting management. Combine autumn and winter shearing, cut big branches in autumn, and cut branchlets in winter. Planters can choose the pruning period suitable for the area according to their actual situation.
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