“When Nanyuan Park springs half a year, the winds and smell horses quail, and green plums look like eyebrows, and the long butterfly flies.†This is the vernal equinox of the year. On this day, the day and night are almost equal, and as the sun shines straight to the north Moving, long night will bid farewell, and we have to welcome the long days of flying grass. As the saying goes: A spring rain is warm, and precipitation in the south increases. Be wary of spring 'Peach Blossoms'. In the north, the spring drought may be the most important threat to agricultural production, and strengthening field management of water and fertilizer is particularly important.
Wheat is China's main food crop, accounting for one-fifth of China's total grain output, and it is also an important part of the national food and an important part of the national economy. In recent years, spring drought often occurs in spring, and although there are more rain and snow in winter and spring, many droughts have already appeared in many provinces. Therefore, early spring drought prevention should be put on an important agenda.
First, water conservation and protection base. The turning of wheat to the jointing stage is a key period for the growth and development of wheat. It is an important period for determining the number of spikes per spike in wheat by differentiating into panicles and ensuring the number of ears per mu for forming two production factors. important. First, repression, repression after the return of green wheat, the wheat field can be compacted lower layer, loose topsoil, can not only play a role in water conservation, but also make wheat seedlings from strong to stronger, strong seedlings stronger; Second, planning, Timely cropping of wheat fields can not only play a role in water storage and conservation, but also promote down-rooting of wheat roots and improve drought resistance. These two traditional agricultural measures not only can store water and moisture, reduce water evaporation, but also can promote and regulate the growth and development of wheat, increase the degree of ear differentiation, increase the ability of tillering into ear, and increase the number of ears and grains per ear. Weak growth, when there is ice or in the morning should not be suppressed, so as not to grind wheat seedlings, affecting growth. This is a valuable experience accumulated by farmers for a long time. Modern agriculture should not be weakened.
Second, water and fertilizer operation science. To adapt to seedlings, classified management. For wheat fields with water shortages, insufficient water sources, or long irrigation periods, plans should be made in advance to classify and formulate preplans. According to the type of wheat growth, the order of watering should be followed, and watering should be advanced or delayed as early as possible according to different seedlings and conditions. Pouring water to expand the irrigated area to prevent the concentration of competing water resources, causing heavy drought. For wheat fields that are not short of water or water, they should be categorized and managed. The three types of fields are small and weak, and should be promoted mainly. While maintaining water and raising the ground temperature, they should make up for water and fertilizer as early as possible, during the return period, Use the soil to return to the slurry or rainfall, if necessary, watering can be made, urea can be topdressed with 8-12 kg of urea, and after the jointing, water can be used to recover 7-10 kg of urea. The first and second types of field groups are suitable, the base fertilizer is sufficient, and the lye is better. , Should also be based on storks, and watering topdressing urea 10 to 15 kilograms during the jointing period and the start of the period; Wang Changtian group is too large, there are prosperous phenomenon and signs, to control the main,墒 Controlled seedlings, returned to the Qing Dynasty to suppress 1 or 2 times, spray Zhuang Fengan to control the internodes, and promote strong seedlings. After the jointing, watering and mu recovery of urea 8 to 12 kg. When topdressing various types of wheat, appropriate amounts of DAP or KH2PO4 should be used.
Third, a reasonable adjustment to prevent strong seedlings. In the period from returning green to jointing stage, foliar fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, etc. are sprayed in order to facilitate the maintenance of a reasonable population of wheat and to promote seedling growth. Mu with spray Shi Bao 10 ~ 20 ml, 1.8% abamectin 4000 times or 5% imidacloprid EC 2500 times, 25% triadimefon 2000 ~ 3000 times, microbial agents Bituo 1000 times Such as, can effectively control the occurrence of wheat aphids, spider mites, sheath blight and other pests and diseases; acres sprayed with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% of urea filtrate and 1% glucose solution can prevent spring cold and strong seedlings; spray Tribenuron + flufenazone + dimethyl tetrachlorine can kill all kinds of broad-leaved weeds such as sow wormwood, leeks, and lacquer. For mixed wheat crops of grass weeds and broad-leaved weeds, 6.9% humic acid water solution, 20% bromoxanthine oil or sprayed isoproturon can be used for control. The use of water in the amount of 30 to 50 kg and the average temperature of 8 to 10°C for spray prevention and control is beneficial to the exertion of drug efficacy.
Fourth, take precautions to arrange early. In the past two years, the spring drought has accumulated, and the drought should also be prevented, and the "early" first. Therefore, early preparation of water sources, early maintenance of wells, early maintenance of implements, lack of equipment, and early purchase of water equipment, and early preparation of artificial rainfall are needed. For floating groundwater sources, drainage channels and reservoirs can be used for water storage, and plastic membranes can be used to cover leaky and evaporating ponds to reduce losses. It is necessary for all water stations, wells, machines, motors, lines, and pipelines. General medical examination, "prevention" early treatment. Before the arrival of the spring drought, it is necessary to perform maintenance and “health care†on sick wells, pathogenesis, debris ponds, and destroyed drains, and if necessary, they can immediately play a role. For artificial rainfall equipment and facilities to be overhauled and prepared for early use, the opportunity will be available to benefit the people.
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