Summer corn sowing should be prepared as early as possible. In the northern region, the summer corn has a short growing season, and the grain filling and ripening of the late growth stage are greatly constrained by the temperature. Therefore, in order to strive for effective accumulated temperature and achieve high-yielding and high-quality cultivation of summer maize, adopting the “early preparation, early sowing, early management, and high density†cultivation mode can effectively increase production efficiency and make summer corn production more fruitful.
It is very necessary to select good seeds in advance and perform seed treatment. The selection of summer corn varieties should be based on local conditions. Not only should the local planting system be considered, normal maturity should be ensured, and the sowing of the crops under the locust crops should not be affected. It is also necessary to consider the full use of production resources. If the areas with good water and fertilizer conditions are used, we must use high-productivity varieties with high fertilizer-producing potential. In hilly areas and mountainous areas, varieties that are drought-tolerant, tolerant, and adaptable should be selected, and appropriate disease-resistant varieties should be selected according to the type of local disease. In addition, according to the specific requirements for production, such as feeding corn, Sweet corn, black corn and other appropriate varieties. To do seed treatment, seed selection and germination tests should be carried out on the basis of seed drying and seed dressing. Sowing can increase the germination rate and early emergence. For seed dressing, pesticides can be determined based on local pests and diseases. For areas lacking trace elements, seed dressing may be performed based on the missing species. Or use coated seeds directly.
The short growing period of summer maize is the key to high yield for the early sowing, and generally does not require deep farming. Currently, there are three methods for the preparation of summer corn: First, comprehensive land preparation, that is, full-scale tillage after harvesting, and the depth of cultivated land should not exceed 15 cm. The second is local land preparation, which is to conduct ditching according to the row spacing of corn planting, concentrate fertilizer in the ditch, and then use rotary plough to mix the soil fertilizer, and then sow the ditch for sowing. The third is after the harvest, do not eliminate the stubble, directly to ditch planting. At present, with the increase in the level of mechanization, this type of planting area has been expanding year by year.
The basic principles of summer maize fertilization are "combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers; compatibility of nitrogenous fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers, and trace element fertilizers; basal fertilizers, seed fertilizers, and top dressings; and the total application rates of nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, and potassium fertilizers should be based on yield levels and variety characteristics. , planting density, fertility and other factors are determined." High yield levels, poor fertility, high density, and high plant heights should be applied more appropriately, whereas the use of fertilizer should be reduced. The application of basal fertilizer should be dominated by organic fertilizers, and appropriate amounts of nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers, and trace element fertilizers should be used. There are three methods for applying basal fertilizer: applicator, application method and acupoint application, which should be appropriately selected according to specific conditions. Fertilizer mainly supplements the deficiency of basal fertilizer to ensure the seedlings grow robustly. Fast-acting fertilizers or high-quality decomposed human excreta and livestock excrement should be used, and the application amount should not be too high. Generally, 4 to 6 kg of ammonium diammonium phosphate per acre is used. When the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potash fertilizer are mixed as the seed fertilizer, their respective application rates Should be reduced accordingly.
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