Bad bell is a major disease in cotton production. The average year due to the rotten bell caused a 10%-20% reduction in production, a 20%-30% drop in quality, and a 25% reduction in revenue. In the year of major occurrence, the number of rotten bells was as high as 30%-40%, production was reduced by more than 30%, quality was reduced by 40%-50%, and revenue dropped by about 45%.
The part of the cotton plant where the rotten bell occurs is the inner bell that develops from the bottom up and from the inside to the outside, mainly occurring on the lower 1-5 fruit branches. The bells on the upper part and peripheral bells are few. The main causes of rotten bells are rain, high temperature, damage to pests, poor ventilation and light transmission, and improper field management. In recent years, with the "two membranes" cultivation and the popularity of insect-resistant cotton, rotten bells have shown an early and rising trend. Due to the early concentration of insect-resistant cotton bolls and low disease resistance, the occurrence of rotten bells was earlier and heavier than non-broom-resistant cotton. With the "two-film" insect-resistant spring cotton, the rotten bell was 10-15 days earlier than the conventionally cultivated non-resistant cotton rotten bell, and the rotten bell was 61.3% more. Therefore, we must take effective measures to prevent and cure the disease.
Early-onset cotton field harvesting early buds use cotton's own strong adjustment and compensation function, and on the basis of early-onset hair growth, by picking new techniques of early buds, adjusting the period of cotton bells to the best period and the best part will make it worse. Bells are greatly reduced. Its technical points: Choose land plots above moderate fertility, and have a certain amount of irrigated conditions for early-onset cotton fields. The technology is applicable to the "two-film" spring cotton in China's Huang-Huai-Hai and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
According to local conditions and timely chemical regulation in the rainy year and water and fertilizer conditions good hybrid insect-resistant cotton, chemical control is particularly important. When cotton seedlings appear prosperous, it is the best time for chemical control. The control needs to start from the bud period. The early flowering period and the flowering period are the key periods of chemical control. Cotton seedlings grow to 7-8 leaves and enter the bud stage. When the sprouting period is prosperous, 0.7-1 g of Diclocamine is used per mu, and 15-20 kg of water is sprayed on the top of the cover. Flowering period uses 2-3 grams of salicylamine per acre and sprays 40 kilograms of water. If the growth is prosperous, use 6-2.5 g of dildo-amine per acre for 6-8 days after the top to cover the top 40-50 kg of water. Through chemical control, the company reached the status of “no seal on the bottom seal, a middle seam, sunlight shining in, and air flowing againâ€. Do a good job of pruning and push the plant and ridge to the cotton field, use the side of the heart, go to axillary buds, cut empty branches, hit the old leaves, push the plant and ridge, pull empty trees and other methods to improve ventilation and light conditions in cotton fields, Control the development of rotten bells. For cotton fields with high density and strong growth, it is necessary to push the plants and ridges 2-3 times in order to reduce the humidity in the field, control the rotten bell, and promote maturity. Pushing plants and ridges should be carried out on sunny afternoons, and between 7 and 10 days between times and times.
Do a good job of drainage and flood prevention in cotton fields. Before the onset of the rainy season, clear the drainage system so that no heavy damage will occur after heavy rain. In the case of continuous autumn rain, even if there is no accumulation of water in the field, it will cause excessive humidity in the field, insufficient light, resulting in the occurrence of rotten bells, and use methods such as rowing and drying to reduce the humidity in the field. After the flowering of cotton, the soil is cultivated in stages to prevent lodging of the cotton plant, prevent water accumulation in the field after rain, reduce soil moisture, control germ propagation, and reduce the effect of rotten bell.
Early picking of rotten bells In the period of rotten bells, in-depth field inspections in a timely manner to find rotten cotton bolls, insects, bolls, ready to pick sunny days to dry. The cotton bolls under picking are first put into a 1% ethephon solution and then removed after drying. This can promote rapid cracking of the bolls and improve fiber quality and reduce loss.
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