Through the research and development of the comprehensive prevention and control technology for harmlessness of pests and diseases in cotton fields from 2000 to 2002, the comprehensive prevention and control level of the Sixth Agricultural Division has been further improved. The incidence of diseases and insect pests and the resulting losses have been declining year by year, and the ecological environment of cotton fields has been significantly improved. , resulting in significant economic, social and ecological benefits.
1, prevention and treatment of winter pathogens (1) fall winter irrigation. For the cotton field, especially in the previous years, the heavy-grass field of cotton bollworm and the autumn tillage and winter irrigation can effectively reduce the number of larvae and significantly reduce the occurrence and damage of pests in the following year.
(2) Rotation is down. For crops with brown wilt disease, cotton leafhoppers and weeds, heavy crops and grass crops are turned down, which can effectively reduce their occurrence.
(3) Elimination of overwintering sources. In early March, prevention and control of overwintering cotton pots on vegetable and greenhouse vegetables was conducted. Greenhouse vegetables were treated with 10% imidacloprid WP (Lufenjing) 1000 times, and the cellar was fumigated with 80% dichlorvos EC.
1. Strengthen the technical measures in the spring sowing stage to plant disease-resistant varieties. At present, the occurrence of the two diseases of cotton in this division has been increasing year by year, which has seriously hampered the development of cotton production in this division. In order to solve this problem, the occurrence and damage of cotton wilt is alleviated. In 2002, the division introduced the new cotton disease-resistant variety Xinluzao 10, and planted 138,000 mu. The planting of new varieties showed good disease resistance and high yield. In 2003, all cotton divisions of the entire division promoted the cultivation of disease-resistant varieties. The implementation of this plan can basically solve the two diseases that have plagued the division for many years.
From the end of the seed treatment to the beginning of April, the cotton seeds were all subjected to artificial grain selection, and the seeds, inseminated seeds and broken seeds were removed; the seed was treated with Tianjin Yiyin Tongfang electric field seed processor to increase the germination power, and the seed amount was 1.67%. % Doverfu A seed coating agent for seed coating to enhance pest resistance at seedling stage.
Soil treatment: All the cotton fields in the division were removed. Soil closure was performed before sowing with 50% acetochlor EC 150 ml/mu or 48% trifluralin EC 120 ml/mu. Can effectively inhibit the occurrence and damage of weeds.
Sowing quality. Seriously grasp the quality of cotton sowing, timely early sowing, require uniform seeds, sowing depth appropriate, tight membrane sealing hole, to achieve a complete broadcast seedlings.
3. Seedling control Cotton seedling stage is the initial stage of many kinds of pests, and it is also a critical period for natural enemies to transfer from outside the field to the cotton fields to establish populations. During this period, an ecological environment conducive to the natural enemies series is created, which can be used for comprehensive prevention and control of field single pests and diseases in the future. Work shovel shovels. In late April, with the cutting of the cotton fields around the side, the protection of the entire forest will be removed. When shoveling 305cm of topsoil, the ground can be considered and the overwintering cotton leafhopper on cotton bollworms and weeds can be eradicated.
Strengthen cotton field management. Focusing on chemical control measures, we will implement various cotton field management techniques, promote the early development of cotton seedlings, cultivate strong seedlings, and enhance stress resistance.
Syrup attracts moths. Syrup bottles are placed at a proper time to trap adult tigers, reduce the number of insect populations, and reduce damage.
Maize traps. In 2002, the whole division planted a total of 60,400 mu of corn traps, and an area of ​​800,000 mu was prevented.
Spot pick rule. Under the premise of effective control of the central strain, after investigation, if it is found that the cotton leafhopper may develop from a single plant into a spot, it should be found that 1 strain hit 1 circle, found that 1 point hit 1, 15% of the drug can be selected.螨 Ling EC, 20% double Acer EC (螨 ) ) )), and other natural enemies have a small effect of a special acaricide 1000-1500 times to prevent and control to protect cotton field natural enemies.
4. Prevention and treatment of budding period
From the end of May to the beginning of June, cotton buds began to appear. The management of cotton fields focused on protecting the buds and increasing the strength of the bell. It strived to realize the goals of early budding, multiple buds, early belling, and large bells. The comprehensive prevention and control in this period should focus on how to prevent and control the three major pests of cotton leafhoppers, cotton grasshoppers and cotton bollworms, strengthen investigations and forecasts, and formulate comprehensive prevention and control measures at the appropriate time.
Cotton aphid prevention. Resolutely implement the strategy based on biological control The division has many types of natural enemies in the cotton field, among which the dominant species are grasshoppers, ladybugs, food oysters, towers, etc. Strengthen the protection of natural enemies, maintain the ecological balance of Tiandan, and make full use of the control role of natural enemies on locusts, and realize biological control targets that harm, benefit, and benefit. In addition, in 2002, the division's cotton-planting group also adjusted the layout of the crops, planting wheat and alfalfa around the cotton fields, and changing the situation of single-planted cotton. This will only increase the income of workers, but also can gradually restore the natural ecology of cotton fields, increase the diversity of natural enemies species and population, play an effective role in the prevention and control of locusts.
The prevention and treatment of cotton bollworm. From the beginning of prevention and control of overwintering adults and one generation of adults, application of frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps, poplar branches and corn traps were used for trapping and killing, thereby reducing the amount of eggs laid by the adults in the cotton field, combined with top dressing, chemical control and pruning. , worsening the living conditions of the worm. Spraying superphosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate on cotton leaves has a significant effect on reducing the spawning rate of cotton bollworm; the use of dildo-amine can make cotton grow steadily, which can avoid cotton bollworms spawning and feeding in young parts; after topping The extracted heart and leaves are buried out of the field to eliminate the bollworm eggs and part of the newly hatched larvae. The second generation of cotton bollworm larvae achieve control indicators in the field, using BT biological pesticide spray control, spraying for 1 week The mortality of post-larvae is as high as 86%, and the control effect is ideal.
The prevention and treatment of cotton leafhoppers. Adhere to the inspection, insertion, wipe, pull, spray five words prevention and treatment policy. The investigation was to strengthen the investigation of Tiandan and check the cotton field once in 2-3 days. After the plug, the central plant was marked; the wipe removed the pests on the back of the leaves by hand; and the central plant with a large number of pests was removed; The spray was applied to a possible spread, and the spread of the central strain of cotton leafhoppers was blocked with a killing agent within a radius of 7 m within 24 hours of discovery. Resolutely control the occurrence of cotton leafhoppers at the spotting stage.
At the end of July 2002, this site cooperated with the Fujian Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences and planted the security agency to control the cotton leafhopper using the cockroach cockles. The ideal results were obtained. Each plant was put into a predatory mite for 1 generation. After 7-18 days, the reduction rate of insect population reached 85. %-99%, this biological control technology has broad prospects for promotion.
1, prevention and treatment of winter pathogens (1) fall winter irrigation. For the cotton field, especially in the previous years, the heavy-grass field of cotton bollworm and the autumn tillage and winter irrigation can effectively reduce the number of larvae and significantly reduce the occurrence and damage of pests in the following year.
(2) Rotation is down. For crops with brown wilt disease, cotton leafhoppers and weeds, heavy crops and grass crops are turned down, which can effectively reduce their occurrence.
(3) Elimination of overwintering sources. In early March, prevention and control of overwintering cotton pots on vegetable and greenhouse vegetables was conducted. Greenhouse vegetables were treated with 10% imidacloprid WP (Lufenjing) 1000 times, and the cellar was fumigated with 80% dichlorvos EC.
1. Strengthen the technical measures in the spring sowing stage to plant disease-resistant varieties. At present, the occurrence of the two diseases of cotton in this division has been increasing year by year, which has seriously hampered the development of cotton production in this division. In order to solve this problem, the occurrence and damage of cotton wilt is alleviated. In 2002, the division introduced the new cotton disease-resistant variety Xinluzao 10, and planted 138,000 mu. The planting of new varieties showed good disease resistance and high yield. In 2003, all cotton divisions of the entire division promoted the cultivation of disease-resistant varieties. The implementation of this plan can basically solve the two diseases that have plagued the division for many years.
From the end of the seed treatment to the beginning of April, the cotton seeds were all subjected to artificial grain selection, and the seeds, inseminated seeds and broken seeds were removed; the seed was treated with Tianjin Yiyin Tongfang electric field seed processor to increase the germination power, and the seed amount was 1.67%. % Doverfu A seed coating agent for seed coating to enhance pest resistance at seedling stage.
Soil treatment: All the cotton fields in the division were removed. Soil closure was performed before sowing with 50% acetochlor EC 150 ml/mu or 48% trifluralin EC 120 ml/mu. Can effectively inhibit the occurrence and damage of weeds.
Sowing quality. Seriously grasp the quality of cotton sowing, timely early sowing, require uniform seeds, sowing depth appropriate, tight membrane sealing hole, to achieve a complete broadcast seedlings.
3. Seedling control Cotton seedling stage is the initial stage of many kinds of pests, and it is also a critical period for natural enemies to transfer from outside the field to the cotton fields to establish populations. During this period, an ecological environment conducive to the natural enemies series is created, which can be used for comprehensive prevention and control of field single pests and diseases in the future. Work shovel shovels. In late April, with the cutting of the cotton fields around the side, the protection of the entire forest will be removed. When shoveling 305cm of topsoil, the ground can be considered and the overwintering cotton leafhopper on cotton bollworms and weeds can be eradicated.
Strengthen cotton field management. Focusing on chemical control measures, we will implement various cotton field management techniques, promote the early development of cotton seedlings, cultivate strong seedlings, and enhance stress resistance.
Syrup attracts moths. Syrup bottles are placed at a proper time to trap adult tigers, reduce the number of insect populations, and reduce damage.
Maize traps. In 2002, the whole division planted a total of 60,400 mu of corn traps, and an area of ​​800,000 mu was prevented.
Spot pick rule. Under the premise of effective control of the central strain, after investigation, if it is found that the cotton leafhopper may develop from a single plant into a spot, it should be found that 1 strain hit 1 circle, found that 1 point hit 1, 15% of the drug can be selected.螨 Ling EC, 20% double Acer EC (螨 ) ) )), and other natural enemies have a small effect of a special acaricide 1000-1500 times to prevent and control to protect cotton field natural enemies.
4. Prevention and treatment of budding period
From the end of May to the beginning of June, cotton buds began to appear. The management of cotton fields focused on protecting the buds and increasing the strength of the bell. It strived to realize the goals of early budding, multiple buds, early belling, and large bells. The comprehensive prevention and control in this period should focus on how to prevent and control the three major pests of cotton leafhoppers, cotton grasshoppers and cotton bollworms, strengthen investigations and forecasts, and formulate comprehensive prevention and control measures at the appropriate time.
Cotton aphid prevention. Resolutely implement the strategy based on biological control The division has many types of natural enemies in the cotton field, among which the dominant species are grasshoppers, ladybugs, food oysters, towers, etc. Strengthen the protection of natural enemies, maintain the ecological balance of Tiandan, and make full use of the control role of natural enemies on locusts, and realize biological control targets that harm, benefit, and benefit. In addition, in 2002, the division's cotton-planting group also adjusted the layout of the crops, planting wheat and alfalfa around the cotton fields, and changing the situation of single-planted cotton. This will only increase the income of workers, but also can gradually restore the natural ecology of cotton fields, increase the diversity of natural enemies species and population, play an effective role in the prevention and control of locusts.
The prevention and treatment of cotton bollworm. From the beginning of prevention and control of overwintering adults and one generation of adults, application of frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps, poplar branches and corn traps were used for trapping and killing, thereby reducing the amount of eggs laid by the adults in the cotton field, combined with top dressing, chemical control and pruning. , worsening the living conditions of the worm. Spraying superphosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate on cotton leaves has a significant effect on reducing the spawning rate of cotton bollworm; the use of dildo-amine can make cotton grow steadily, which can avoid cotton bollworms spawning and feeding in young parts; after topping The extracted heart and leaves are buried out of the field to eliminate the bollworm eggs and part of the newly hatched larvae. The second generation of cotton bollworm larvae achieve control indicators in the field, using BT biological pesticide spray control, spraying for 1 week The mortality of post-larvae is as high as 86%, and the control effect is ideal.
The prevention and treatment of cotton leafhoppers. Adhere to the inspection, insertion, wipe, pull, spray five words prevention and treatment policy. The investigation was to strengthen the investigation of Tiandan and check the cotton field once in 2-3 days. After the plug, the central plant was marked; the wipe removed the pests on the back of the leaves by hand; and the central plant with a large number of pests was removed; The spray was applied to a possible spread, and the spread of the central strain of cotton leafhoppers was blocked with a killing agent within a radius of 7 m within 24 hours of discovery. Resolutely control the occurrence of cotton leafhoppers at the spotting stage.
At the end of July 2002, this site cooperated with the Fujian Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences and planted the security agency to control the cotton leafhopper using the cockroach cockles. The ideal results were obtained. Each plant was put into a predatory mite for 1 generation. After 7-18 days, the reduction rate of insect population reached 85. %-99%, this biological control technology has broad prospects for promotion.
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