Electronic supervision of drugs is an important system for controlling the quality of pharmaceutical production and circulation established by the State Food and Drug Administration. Once adverse drug reactions and accidents occur, drugs can be traced back and controlled at the first time. At the same time, it can also prevent counterfeit drugs from entering the formal channels.
Shao Mingli introduced that at present, China has completed the electronic supervision of high-risk varieties such as narcotic drugs, psychoactive drugs, blood products, vaccines and Chinese medicine injections, and is promoting the implementation of national electronic supervision of essential drugs.
He said that in order to comply with the rapid growth of the pharmaceutical market, China will also take more measures to increase drug supervision and promote market regulation. These include accelerating the application of rapid drug testing technologies in the first-line market surveillance and grass-roots areas, improving drug inspection and testing capabilities, strengthening monitoring of adverse drug reactions, and improving the postmarketing evaluation; strengthening the construction of safety risk warning systems and improving emergency response capabilities Etc. to maximally safeguard public drug safety.
The China-ASEAN Drug Safety Forum was held from October 21 to 22 at the 8th China-ASEAN Expo. The forum focused on “enhancing communication, safeguarding security, and seeking common development†under the development of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area. "Pharmaceutical safety cooperation" is the theme for the exchange of issues related to drug legal systems and drug regulatory systems, systems, and regulatory mechanisms in various countries.
Respiratory tract infection
Prevention and control of respiratory infection in livestock and poultry animal health care
The results showed that the main pathogens causing respiratory system infection of livestock and poultry were bacteria, viruses and mycoplasma. These pathogens could lead to bacterial infections such as swine pulmonary disease, porcine contagious pleuropneumonia, avian cholera, cattle abortion, goose Shigella infection, duck serositis, virus infections such as classical swine fever, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, chicken Newcastle disease, avian influenza, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae pneumonia, avian influenza and so on Mycoplasma infection, such as avian mycoplasma disease and bovine pulmonary disease. Besides typical symptoms, rapid diagnostic test paper, microscopic examination, pathogenic microorganism culture and PCR should be used to diagnose respiratory system infection of livestock and poultry. Therapeutic drugs should be selected according to different pathogens. For bacteria, antibiotics should be selected; For the virus, we mainly choose broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, such as interferon, transfer factor, thymosin, arabinose adenosine, ribavirin and other Western medicines, and drugs containing Radix Isatidis, Andrographis paniculata, Houttuyniae, Folium Isatidis, honeysuckle, Coptis chinensis and other traditional Chinese medicine ingredients; For Mycoplasma, tylosin, tylosin, quinolones, florfenicol and other drugs were mainly selected. Livestock and poultry respiratory system infection is often accompanied by fever, poor breathing, runny nose, cough, expectoration, sneezing and other symptoms, so it is necessary to cooperate with the use of drugs to alleviate these symptoms, such as analgin, Antongding, bupleurum, Qingkailing and other antipyretic analgesic, dexamethasone, prednisone and other glucocorticoids anti-inflammatory, ammonium chloride, potassium iodide, aminophylline, Platycodon grandiflorum, Polygala tenuifolia and other phlegm, cough Relieve asthma.
Methods of administration, dosage and course of treatment: drinking water, mixing materials, inhalation of aerosol, oral administration, injection, etc. Large scale farms often use drinking water, mixing materials and aerosol inhalation, but it can't reach the therapeutic dose for individuals with loss of appetite and loss of appetite. Oral administration, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection and intravenous injection belong to individual administration, and their dosage is accurate. They are suitable for livestock and poultry with loss of appetite, loss of appetite and group administration. The effect of aerosol treatment on respiratory tract diseases is better than that of drinking water, especially poultry. Therefore, it is best to combine drinking water with spray administration in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. The dosage should be determined in strict accordance with the drug instructions, and the dosage should not be changed at will. In the treatment of respiratory tract infection, the course of treatment should be sufficient, especially the use of antibiotics. Generally, after the clinical symptoms of livestock and poultry disappear, drugs can be used for 2-3 days to consolidate the curative effect and prevent the recurrence of the disease.
When a drug can't control serious infection or mixed infection, the cause of disease is unknown and life-threatening serious infection, and the pathogenic bacteria are easy to produce drug resistance, it can be combined according to the bactericidal characteristics and mechanism of the drug. The combination of drugs with the same action site will produce antagonistic effect, while the combination of drugs with different action sites will produce synergistic effect. In addition, some veterinary Chinese patent medicines have the functions of clearing away heat and toxin, strengthening the healthy and eliminating pathogenic factors, antibacterial and antiviral, which can be used in combination with antibiotics and antiviral western medicine to have better disease prevention effect.
4. Prevention of drug resistance in order to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains, the following points should be paid attention to when using antibiotics: those that can be used or not should be used as far as possible, and those that can be effective with a single drug need not be combined with drugs; According to the indications, the dosage should be enough and the course of treatment should be sufficient; If the pathogen is unknown, do not use antibiotics easily; In case of drug-resistant bacteria infection, other sensitive drugs should be used for treatment; Avoid long-term medication.
5. Strengthen feeding management. Respiratory diseases of livestock and poultry often occur under stress, which are mostly caused by poor feeding management, such as old feeding facilities and equipment, poor sanitation, poor ventilation, excessive harmful gases, high feeding density, improper immunity, etc. The farm should do a good job of feeding and management, provide a comfortable and healthy environment for livestock and poultry, enhance their disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases.
â– diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infection animal health care
The clinical symptoms were as follows: 1. The sick cattle had high temperature, asthma, cough, serous rhinorrhea, and decreased food intake. After 3-5 days, the sick cattle could not lie down for a long time, diarrhea and emaciation. If the sick cattle are not treated in time, they will die.
2 the lesions in the chest and lungs of the sick cattle were obvious. The lungs were widened in varying degrees. There was a large amount of white foam in the trachea and a large amount of fluid accumulated in the chest cavity.
According to the clinical symptoms and the changes of autopsy, the cattle were diagnosed as respiratory tract infection.
Prevention and control of respiratory infection in animals,Prevention and control of respiratory infection in livestock,Prevention and control of respiratory infection in poultry
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