The status quo is becoming more and more dangerous. The fruit tree is an ancient and precious tree species unique to China. It is a monophyletic plant. With the destruction of forests and deforestation, the scope of distribution is getting smaller and smaller. If no effective measures are taken to protect them, they will be in danger of becoming extinct.
Morphological characteristics of large deciduous trees, up to 30 meters, diameter of 65 cm diameter, dry and straight, bark gray or dark gray, shallow longitudinal cracks, small pod with lenticels. Leaves opposite, leathery, elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 10-20 cm long, 4-6 cm wide, apex acute or abruptly acuminate, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, entire. Petioles pale purple, 3-6 cm long. Stipules large, triangular-ovate, caducous. The cymes are arranged in a large, panicle-like order, loosely arranged. Yellow flowers, stamens 5, inserted below throat of the crown tube, filaments slender, anthers dorsifixed, included. Sepals 5, imbricate, one of them spreading into leaves, white, persistent on fruit. Corolla funnelform, ca. 2 cm, tomentose. Capsules are nearly spindle-shaped, 3–5 cm long, with straight edges, red when ripe, fruit with two chambers. The seeds are mostly flat, black, small and wide-winged, wings 6-7 mm, flowering from July to August, fruit ripening from October to November.
Distributed in our province mainly in Leigong Mountain, Fanjing Mountain, Liping Laoshanjie, Nanquanshan, Gaotun Loess Field, Minjiang Moon Hill, Shibing Fodingshan, Jinping Jiunan, Danzhai Kongqing, Fuyang wide water As well as Zhengan, Songtao, Changshun, Cangheng, Duyun, and Libo Qingyang Qingyan, were born in Zhongshan or lowland hills, streams, or villages 500 to 1500 meters above sea level. China has distributions in Yunnan, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Jiangxi, southern Anhui, and Fujian.
Habitat and ecological characteristics The average annual temperature of bergamot tree in the province's distribution area is 15-18 °C, annual rainfall is 1000-1400 mm, relative humidity is 78% or more. The soil is metamorphic rock, yellow mountainous soil with limestone development, yellow-brown soil, pH Between 5-6. The fruit tree is a positive tree species. It is born in the wet and fertile soil in the middle and lower part of the mountain. It has a phenomenon of partial crown at the edge of the river or forest edge. Common species associated with horsetail tree, Liriodendron chinense, Liquidambar formosana, Silverwood, Lampholder tree, etc., are one of the main tree species of the upper tree. The fruit trees of the Loess field in Liping are up to 30 meters high and have a diameter of 65cm at breast height. The Kaili Arboretum has introduced the cultivation and test of the fruit trees, with a survival rate of 83%, an average annual growth of 61.6 cm, and a ground diameter of 1.7 cm. Germination period in late March, new shoot period in early April, leaf expansion period in mid-April, discoloration period in mid-September, deciduous period in early December.
The conservation value of the citron tree is an ancient relic species unique to China and has scientific value. Its wood texture is straight, fine structure, light weight; soft, not cracked, can be used for construction and furniture materials; bark fiber is raw materials for wax paper and rayon. Beautiful tree shape, leafy flowers, large flowers and beautiful colors, fruit with aroma, is a fine tree garden green.
Protection measures The pure fruit trees have not yet been found in Xiangguoshu, but their scattered distribution is only seen. The existing mother trees should be concluded according to the forest rights with the local people to implement the contract, the implementation of management personnel, and give appropriate remuneration for seed production, breeding, scientific research purposes. In the distribution area, plantation forests should be vigorously constructed. When expanding the cultivated area, mature fruits can be picked (when the fruit grows from green to red, it is mature), put it in the shade, spread out and dry, remove the seeds and store it in the spring. The nursery should choose a place where the soil is deep, moist and fertile, and where the light is good. When sowing, due to the small size of the seed, it should not be thick. Seedlings pay attention to shade and water retention. The fruit trees are highly sprouting, and there are more sprouts near the Tianping Bridge in Liping. Manual methods can be used to promote germination and regeneration, and cuttings or root cuttings can also be adopted.