Pear tree base fertilizer is generally divided into autumn, winter and spring planting, that is, harvested from the fruit can be harvested before the buds in spring. However, practice has proven that pears are best for autumn basal fertilizer, which is not only conducive to the growth of new roots, but also promotes nutrient uptake and photosynthesis in leaves, increases tree storage and nutrient levels, improves flower bud quality and shoot bud filling, and at the same time Increase tree resistance. The following points should be kept in mind when using pear basal fertilizer in autumn:
First, the time of autumn pear base fertilizer is generally appropriate in the second half of September, should not be late as soon as possible. At this time, the positive peak of fruit tree root growth, and the high soil temperature, easy root healing, and can produce a large number of roots and root absorption, is conducive to increasing the tree's nutritional level. Too late to apply fertilizer is not only difficult to absorb, causing waste, but also because of slow healing caused by root healing weakness, affecting the next year flowering fruit. Those who have not completed the autumn basal fertilization before the fall leaves must complete it before the land is frozen.
Second, the choice of fertilizer fertilizer to choose to contain more organic farmer fertilizer (cattle manure contains 14.5% of the machine, horse manure 21%, pig manure 15%, sheep manure 31.4%, human feces 19.8%), should account for fertilizer More than 90% of the total amount, which is the basic fertilizer for long-term supply of multiple nutrients in pears. Frequently used fertilizers include manure, compost, cake fertilizer, green manure, and soil miscellaneous fertilizer, etc., which are deposited and matured. Due to the slow decomposition of organic fertilizers and long fertilizer effects, the pear root system is sparse and the performance of fertilizers is slow. Therefore, appropriate available nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, and potash fertilizers should be allocated. For those pear plants that lack trace elements, targeted fertilizers should also be applied. .
Third, the amount of fertilizer used should be based on the age of the tree, the size of the crown, nutritional status, load, etc., generally adult pears per plant apply 35 to 50 kg of organic fertilizer, superphosphate 1 to 1.5 kg, urea 0.4 to 0.5 kg .
Fourth, the method of fertilization methods are mainly ring groove, radiation groove, the whole garden and so on. The ring groove is to excavate an annular groove at the outer edge of the crown projection, with a groove width of 30 cm and a groove depth of 40-50 cm. This method is mostly used for saplings, and the position of the annular groove should shift outward with the expansion of the crown each year. The trunk is centered on the trunk and extends along the direction of the horizontal root extension. It is usually 4 to 6, with a width of 30 to 45 centimeters, a depth of 40 to 50 centimeters, and a distance of 1 to 1.5 meters from the trunk. The depth of the trough gradually increases from the inside to the outside. Deeper, narrower inside and outside, this method has fewer roots and is suitable for adult pears. The whole garden is suitable for adult pear gardens and dense pear gardens, that is, evenly spreading the fertilizer in the garden, combined with deep plowing into the soil, the plowing depth is suitable for 20-25 cm, this method can be widely used by the root absorption, but the application Shallow depth, easy to cause the roots to float.
Fifth, watering conditions with water after the fertilization to be poured 1 to 2 times permeated water, both fertilizer can have sufficient water to quickly decompose fermentation decomposition, but also prevent autumn drought. After watering, it can be used as a protection material for orange stalks, weeds, etc., and loose soil when semi-dry on the surface to reduce water evaporation.
Six, matters needing attention
Fertilization ditching should not be too shallow, otherwise it is easy to cause the roots to float, which is not conducive to the drought and cold resistance of pear trees. 2. The applied organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed, otherwise it will burn out the roots, causing tree weakness, death or induced rot disease; The supplement of trace element fertilizer should be carried out according to the abundance of trace elements in pear orchard. Do not overdo it so as to avoid poisoning. 4. Avoid applying chlorine fertilizer so as not to affect the yield and quality, or even cause root tip death. The plant died.