Silver Maple Tapiscia sinensis Oliv.
The status quo is becoming more and more dangerous. Silver eucalyptus is an ancient relict plant, unique to our country. Although the distribution is more extensive, there are many scattered and scattered populations. Moreover, due to its male flowers and hermaphrodites, pollination is difficult, it is difficult to seed, natural regeneration is poor, and the impact of human activities (logging or fuel wood) has a downward trend in the population, if not protected, It may become further rare or endangered species.
Morphological characteristics of deciduous trees, up to 15-18 meters, gray bark gray to gray, sprig hairless, bud oval. Single pinnate compound leaves up to 30-35 cm, leaflets 5-9, ovate or narrowly ovate, 6-14 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, base heart-shaped or near-heart-shaped, often with slight deviation on one side Oblique, margins distinctly serrate, glabrous on both surfaces or only abaxially veined coats, abaxial surface of leaves densely pinkish pink; petiole 12 cm long, terminal petiole nearly 4 cm long. Panicles axillary, male inflorescences up to 25 cm, amphorae inflorescences 10 cm long, flowers small, fragrant, yellow, male flowers and asexual flowers, calyx campanulate, ca. l mm, 5-lobed, petals 5, narrowly obovate , slightly longer than medlar, stamens 5, alternate with petals, extending beyond flowers, ovary in a chamber, with 1 ovule, style longer than stamens. Drupe subglobose, brown when young, mature about 7 mm. Flowering from June to July, fruit ripening 8 to September, can stay until July the following year.
Distribution of silver eucalyptus trees is widely distributed in Guizhou. Panxian County, Xifeng County, Huangping County, Shibing County, Sandu City, Yaoshan Mountain, Liping Mountain, and Leigong Mountain Mountain have all been distributed from Jiangcui Lishan Mountain and Lancangjiang Moon Mountain. The vertical distribution range from 500 meters above sea level to ~552100 meters. Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Zhejiang, Guangxi, and Guangdong provinces all have distribution.
Habitat and ecological characteristics Silver eucalyptus grows more in hilly valleys. The climate in the distribution area is typical of humid monsoon climate (in the eastern and central provinces) and semi-humid climate (in the western part of the province). The climate is warm, except for a few elevations. Outside the upper part, the average annual temperature is generally 15.5-17.5°C. In the high-altitude area (Pang County) in the west, the winter is cold and there is a long period of freezing. Visible silver eucalyptus has a certain adaptation to the cold climate. Most of the soil in the habitat is sandy loam, sandy soil or stone soil. The soil is not thick and the development time is short. There are often many parent stones and the soil structure is poor. In a few gentle terrain, the soil layer is also thicker. The soil is also more fertile. The soil is mostly acidic. The habitat of the silver eucalyptus tree is due to the denseness of many valleys, so the lighting conditions are somewhat poor, and the sunshine rate is 25-36% lower than the local average. However, silver eucalyptus is sensitive to light conditions. On sunny sunny slopes, the high growth of seedlings is significantly higher than that of the same age seedlings on the shady slope. The tree species that grow together with the silver eucalyptus tree are common water melon, large fruit mountain fragrant tree, lampin tree, green-pressed clam, multi-veined arbor and other arbors; the undergrowth shrubs Spirogyra, Pittosporum heterophylla, ear-sequence Schefflera, and bone Grass, Impatiens, Begonia, South China, etc. Silver eucalyptus shows rapid growth characteristics under suitable habitat conditions. Especially after 10-12 years, the growth is fastest. The annual growth of the tree height can reach 1.5 meters. The annual growth of the DBH is also 0.55. - Between 1.95 centimeters, with fast-growing early, fast material characteristics.
The conservation value of silver eucalyptus grows rapidly, the rate of material is high, the texture of wood is straight and beautiful, the structure is meticulous, it is easy to process, and it has many uses. It is an excellent tree species and can be used as a river bank, channel, and dam in the distribution area. Greening afforestation tree species has great economic value.
Protection measures shall be implemented to prevent free cutting and unreasonable utilization in the distribution area so as to protect existing resources. Pay attention to harvesting tree species and carry out artificial seedling cultivation to increase the amount of resources. The main points of breeding are: timely harvest of mature fruits, removal of dried flesh after cleaning, and sowing in March of the following year, the germination rate can reach more than 90%. Annual seedlings up to 30-35 cm, can be afforestation.