The first step in lobster farming is to create a suitable growth environment. Lobsters are crustaceans, similar to crabs, and they have strong pincers. They also have a natural tendency to dig burrows. Usually, they live near the shore in shallow waters. These creatures are sensitive to light; when it's dim or dark, they come out of their caves, but when the light is bright, they retreat into the water or hide inside the burrows. To prevent them from escaping, an anti-escape net about 50 cm high can be installed around the pond. Additionally, Hetang has created a natural-like habitat by planting 10–15% aquatic and hiding plants along the shallow edges of the pond. This not only provides shelter for the lobsters but also reduces aggression and cannibalism among them.
Water quality plays a crucial role in lobster farming. Poor water conditions can significantly affect their health and development. The pH level of the pond should be maintained between 7.5 and 8.5, with water clarity of 30–40 cm. Regular water changes and the application of lime solution help maintain good water quality and prevent diseases and molting issues.
Proper feeding is the second key factor. Lobsters tend to fight and even eat each other when food is scarce. Therefore, it's essential to provide enough feed. Their diet includes both plant and animal matter—such as wheat, aquatic grass, rapeseed cake, small fish, meat scraps, and offal. Feeding schedules, amounts, and methods should be adjusted based on the lobsters’ activity patterns and the density in the pond. Improper feeding can lead to higher costs and lower productivity.
The third important aspect is scientific harvesting. Under optimal temperature and feeding conditions, juvenile lobsters can reach market size within 60–90 days. Seedlings are usually released in March, and harvesting begins in June. By catching lobsters of different sizes and rotating the harvests, farmers can improve catch rates, sell at better prices, and achieve higher yields and efficiency.
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