Mallard wild life habits and provenances

The mallard duck is originally found in reed beds near shallow rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and coastal areas where water is abundant. These ducks are highly adaptable, inhabiting a variety of wetland environments. Known for their strong flying and swimming abilities, they often travel in groups while feeding. Their diet consists mainly of aquatic plants such as shoots, stems, leaves, seeds, and algae, but they also consume insects, snails, and small aquatic animals. During the winter, mallards migrate to the Yellow River Basin and the central and southern parts of the Yangtze River, becoming one of the most common migratory birds in China during this season. In spring and summer, they return to northern regions such as Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, western Xinjiang, southern Tibet, and Siberia. They build nests using grasses, reeds, aquatic plants, and their own feathers. Breeding typically occurs in lakes, riverbanks, marshes, and shallow embankments between April and June. Male mallards reach sexual maturity at around 150 days old, while females begin laying eggs at about 80 days. Each female lays between 8 to 14 eggs annually, with the peak egg-laying period occurring from May to August. Some imported wild ducks from the U.S. and Germany can lay up to 185 eggs per year. Due to their thick eggshells, mallard eggs take 2 to 3 days longer to hatch compared to domestic ducks. Most of the winter-migrating mallards are found within China's borders. In terms of artificial breeding, wild ducks can be captured from natural waters and kept in enclosures for a period of time to acclimate them to human presence before being raised with domestic ducks. To encourage breeding, male and female wild ducks are kept together in appropriate ratios before the nesting season so that they can produce eggs for hatching or artificial incubation. Another method involves searching for wild ducks in their breeding grounds between April and June. Nests are usually located among grasses along the water’s edge, in puddles on beaches, or on embankments. The eggs, which are slightly light gray-green in color, are collected and either placed in poultry houses or artificially incubated. High-quality mallards can also be obtained from specialized wild duck hatcheries.

Integrated Roughness Profilometer

Roughness Profilometer, also known as surface roughness meter, surface smoothness meter, surface roughness tester, roughness measurement meter, roughness tester, and other names. It has the characteristics of high measurement accuracy, wide measurement range, easy operation, portability, and stable operation. It can be widely used for the detection of various metal and non-metal processing surfaces. This instrument is a pocket instrument that integrates sensors and hosts, with handheld characteristics, making it more suitable for use in production sites. The exterior design is sturdy and durable, with significant resistance to electromagnetic interference, in line with current design trends.

The application fields of roughness meters include:

1. Mechanical processing and manufacturing industry, mainly metal processing and manufacturing. Roughness meters were originally developed to detect the surface roughness of machined parts. Especially, stylus type roughness measuring instruments are more suitable for detecting hard metal surfaces. For example, the automotive parts processing and manufacturing industry, the mechanical parts processing and manufacturing industry, and so on. As long as these processing and manufacturing industries involve the surface quality of workpieces, the detection application of roughness meters is essential.

2. In the non-metallic processing and manufacturing industry, with the progress and development of technology, more and more new materials are applied to processing processes, such as ceramics, plastics, polyethylene, etc. Some bearings are now made of special ceramic materials, and pump valves are made of polyethylene materials. These materials have a hard texture, and some applications can replace metal materials to make workpieces. During production and processing, their surface roughness also needs to be tested.

3. With the continuous strengthening and improvement of the technology and functions of roughness meters, as well as their in-depth promotion and application, more and more industries have been found to require roughness detection. In addition to mechanical processing and manufacturing, roughness evaluation is also required in the production and processing of power, communication, electronics, such as couplings on switches, integrated circuit semiconductors, and even stationery, tableware, and other products used in people's daily lives The surface roughness of human teeth needs to be tested.

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