Flexible sensor technology is a challenging and potential development direction, and has broad development prospects in the fields of artificial intelligence and medical health. With the rapid development of human-computer interaction, sports health monitoring and other sub-sectors, related products put forward higher requirements for sensors, and elastic sensing technology with flexibility, flexibility, stretchability and resilience is urgently needed. Meet the needs of human body wear comfort. The researchers rely on the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to focus on the above-mentioned needs, focusing on the development of key elastic sensors for information sensing and key elastic conductors for information transmission.
1. Develop elastic conductors compatible with high electrical conductivity and tensile stability
The composite conductive polymer is obtained by adding a conductive substance (carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal powder, metal nanowires, nanosheets, etc.) to a polymer matrix, and dispersing and compounding, laminating and the like. . Because it maintains the excellent flexibility of polymer materials, it is the most ideal electrode material for flexible electronic components. However, since the conductive filler is solid, the elastic modulus of the matrix differs greatly (3 to 7 orders of magnitude), and the spacing of the conductive filler changes during stretching, causing a significant change in the resistivity of the electrode, which affects device performance. In order to solve this problem, the research team used a liquid metal gallium indium tin oxide (Galinstan) which is easy to deform and conductive as a conductive filler, and dispersed elastic composite with PDMS to prepare an elastic electrode. The electrode not only has good electrical conductivity () and a large tensile limit (~116.86%), but more importantly, the electrode has extremely stable mechanical properties, and the relative change rate of resistance is only 4.305 when stretching at 100%. %, its indicators have reached the international leading level.
2. Development of elastic myoelectric sensors
Surface electromyography (SEMG) is a weak bioelectrical signal that occurs with muscle activity and has important practical value in clinical medicine, ergonomics, rehabilitation medicine, and sports science. SEMG is non-invasive, non-invasive, and easy to operate, but the signal is susceptible to electrodes, so choosing the right electrode is especially important. Currently, commercial electromyographic electrodes are mainly gel electrodes and metal electrodes. The gel electrode has good adhesion to the skin, but the moisture in the gel is volatile, the time stability is poor, and the skin is allergic and can not be reused; the metal electrode has good conductivity, but the fit with the skin is poor, and the movement is large. Easy to slide, resulting in poor dynamic stability of the signal, and easy to scratch the skin. The researchers used the developed three-layer ultra-thin elastic electrode as the myoelectric electrode. The impedance of the electrode is equivalent to the gel electrode and the metal electrode in the operating frequency range (20-400 Hz), but it overcomes the poor stability of the gel electrode. And the problem of poor dynamic stability of metal electrodes. The three-layer elastic electrode is used to measure the signal when the lateral cochlear muscle of the leg is moving, and compared with the traditional copper electrode, it can be clearly seen that the EMG signal measured by the three-layer ultra-thin elastic electrode is strong. About an order of magnitude, showing a broad application prospect.
3. Development of flexible/elastic circuits, high precision and stretchable strain sensors
Based on liquid metal wires, the researchers developed a recyclable paper-based flexible circuit with a conductivity of 10,000 S/cm, a bending cycle of more than 10,000 cycles, and a composite thermal conductivity of 2-3 times that of paper, which improves heat dissipation and recycling. The rate reached 90% per minute, and further developed a demonstration circuit such as a paper-based LED display. Based on elastic conductors, elastic earphone cords, elastic charging wires, and the like have been developed.
Using the highly sensitive giant magneto-impedance effect, the researchers used a LC oscillator circuit structure to obtain a highly sensitive flexible pressure sensor with digital pulse output. The detection limit is 10μN, which can sense the crawling of ants. The first time in the low pressure detection range is realized. Micro-stress sensing and digital signal output; developed an elastic stress sensor compatible with high precision and stretchability, with a stretching range of more than 100%, detection accuracy of ~0.05%, and excellent recovery characteristics.
4. Develop sports monitoring demonstration products for human-computer interaction
Researchers developed smart gloves for gesture recognition and gesture-to-manipulator remote control; developed intelligent knee pads for knee motion monitoring, enabling monitoring of joint movements such as running and climbing.
The researchers have patented the materials, devices, methods and equipment, and have applied for 30 patents (see the patent introduction section for details), including 23 invention patents, 14 authorizations, and 7 utility model patents. Received the honor of Ningbo Yinzhou Elite Leadership Program and the first prize of Ningbo Zhenhai-Chinese Academy of Sciences Youth Promotion Association Entrepreneurship Competition.
Figure 1 Stretchable wire
Figure 2 stretchable myoelectric sensor
Figure 3 paper-based recyclable circuit
Figure 4 Smart Kneepad Demonstration
Source: Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
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