Experts interviewed / Southern Medical University Southern Hospital Huiqiao Medical Center Chief Physician Wu Xu
Wen/Yangcheng Evening News reporter Yu Yanhong correspondent Li Xiaoyu
A few days ago, the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Huiqiao Medical Center of Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University successfully completed a case of super large esophageal cancer up to 22.5cm. After verification by the Center for Science and Technology Innovation of the Ministry of Education, this is the longest esophageal cancer that has been removed. Wu Xu, chief physician of the center's thoracic surgery, said that people who love to eat hot pot, drink kung fu tea, and have a long history of smoking and drinking, family members who have esophageal cancer patients, are at high risk of esophageal cancer, it is recommended to do gastroscopy once a year.
Case was diagnosed with esophageal cancer due to dysphagia
The patient was a 60-year-old male who had difficulty swallowing for four months and had a sudden fall in weight of 54 pounds. He had difficulty in drinking rice soup before the operation. Since then, he had developed a cough. He felt chest tightness and a high fever during coughing. Adult male esophagus about 21-30 cm, the examination found that the cancerous part of the patient accounted for 4/5, is a long esophageal cancer. Patients with esophageal cancer with the diameter of up to 7.8 cm (normal esophageal diameter of 2-3 cm), severely squeezed the trachea, the condition is very critical. Fortunately, he has not had systemic metastasis and there are still surgical indications.
The entire operation lasted 18 hours. In order to find the gap between the tumors, the surgery team changed the patient's posture six times, stepped the tumor out of the three large vessels and carefully removed it from the trachea. The final successful completion. On the 11th day after surgery, the patient was discharged.
Found that suffering from esophageal cancer, hot, spicy, wine is "accomplice"
In China, the incidence of esophageal cancer is the fourth among malignant tumors. Eating hot pots and hot foods are important incentives. For example, in Guangdong Province, Chaozhou and Meizhou are areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer. There is a certain relationship between people in the area who like to drink hot kung fu tea and pickles.
Why do people who drink hot and spicy food prone to develop esophageal cancer? According to a study, people who drink tea at a temperature of 65°C-69°C have twice the risk of suffering from esophageal cancer as those who drink at a temperature lower than 60°C; people who drink 70°C or more have a higher risk of developing esophageal cancer. 8 times higher than normal.
He explained that the esophageal wall is composed of mucous membranes, and the esophageal wall mucosa can only tolerate food temperatures within 50°C-60°C. If the food temperature is between 70°C and 80°C, it can easily scald the esophageal mucosa. The mucous membrane will be thickened under the thermal stimulation, while the thickened mucous membrane will be less sensitive to heat stimulation and spicy stimulation. This will make people more and more afraid of hot and spicy, and thus eat hotter and more. Spicy, the oral mucosa will become thicker and thicker, forming a vicious circle, which will double the chance of cancer and easily induce esophageal cancer.
In addition, Wu Xu summed up many cases of long-standing esophageal cancer that he had completed. These patients are all addicted to drinking for more than two decades, and they have a large amount of alcohol, most of them half a catty a day to a catty of white wine. Suffering from esophageal cancer is relatively long, most of which exceed 8 cm. This kind of esophageal cancer belongs to extra-long esophageal cancer, which is dangerous and progresses quickly."
It is recommended that high-risk groups do gastroscopy every year
Early symptoms of esophageal cancer are easily overlooked. Wu Xu said that, for example, phlegm, foreign body sensation in the throat, swallowing discomfort or foreign body sensation in the esophagus, many patients mistakenly thought to be pharyngitis; early esophageal symptoms as well as poststernal discomfort will be ignored, such as sternal swelling or nausea Slight pain.
How to identify? He said that this feeling of embarrassment will disappear on its own, but it will happen again and again. It will become more obvious when the patient's emotions are arouse. Don't wait until after dysphagia, because if dysphagia develops, the condition may well have developed. In the middle or even late.
Wu Xu reminded that if there are smokers and drinkers who have a family history of esophageal cancer and they reach the age of 40, they may suffer from poor swallowing or foreign body sensation in eating, or if the elderly suffers from continuous snoring and does not relieve abnormal performance for a long time. Pay attention to it and go to the hospital for gastroscopy and esophagoscopy to rule out the possibility of cancer.
Tips
What are the factors that cause esophageal cancer?
Factor One: Eating habits
The onset of esophageal cancer is related to people's bad life and eating habits. If food is rough, hard, eats too hot, too fast, drinking strong tea, eat spicy food such as chili, garlic, vinegar, alcohol, smoking, etc. May cause esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer has a remarkable family clustering phenomenon. It is not uncommon for high-incidence areas to have three or more consecutive generations of diseased families. However, there is absolutely no heredity for esophageal cancer and there is an inseparable relationship with family dietary habits.
Factor 2: Environmental Factors
Our survey found that nitrate, nitrite, and secondary amines are significantly higher in water sources in high-incidence areas. Carcinogenicity of chemicals, the most representative of which is nitrosamines, these substances in the stomach easy to synthesize carcinogenic nitrosamines, leading to esophageal cancer.
Factor 3: Nutrition deficiency
The low intake of esophageal cancer and animal protein, fresh fruits and vegetables has a strong geographical correlation. The low intake of these foods can cause low intake of vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin B2. In the populations with high incidence of esophageal cancer in Africa and Asia, the dietary staple foods are vitamin B2, lower levels of niacin, magnesium, and zinc in wheat or corn, and the main foods in low-incidence areas are the staple foods rich in these nutrients (Sorghum, millet, etc.) .
Wu Xu, Yu Yanhong, Li Xiaozhao
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