Winter and spring vegetable production often encounters the hazards of cold weather such as low temperature, frost, frost, snow, etc. Especially in recent years, the temperature difference between day and night in winter and spring has changed greatly. If improper protection, it often leads to greater economic losses.
Winter irrigation: 1 to 2 days before the onset of the cold current. In winter irrigation, it is necessary to pour enough water and water, and the field water can be infiltrated on the same day. After the irrigation, it is time to seize the favorable opportunity to carry out loose soil insulation.
Fertilization: Use sunny, use cattle, pig manure or compost and other warm fertilizer 100 kg to 150 kg, applied to the roots of vegetables, you can increase soil temperature 2 °C ~ 3 °C.
Cultivate soil: Before thawing, combine cultivator and cultivate the smashed soil in the rhizosphere of the vegetable. This can not only loosen the soil but also directly protect the root system. The cultivator depth should be 7 cm to 10 cm.
Smoke smoke: piled up with weeds, straw, dead branches, fallen leaves, etc. Except for the ignition, the rest was lightly compacted with dry and fine yellow mud. Before the frost came, the smoke at the ignition point of the top wind became fumigated. If there is an open flame, then seal it with fine soil, so that it can not only disperse cold currents, but also make fire and soil.
Precipitation: For low-waterlogging and other high groundwater table vegetable fields, pay close attention to open the "three ditch" to ensure that the gutters open, in order to reduce the water level, remove waterlogging, increase soil temperature, and promote vegetable growth.
Pouring feces: before the advent of freezing, per acre with 400 to 500 kg of thin faecal water to splash it again to improve the ability of freezing cold.
Nitrogen control: appropriate reduction in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in seedling stage, avoid partial nitrogen fertilizer, so as to avoid the growth of young plants, cold resistance is poor. Top dressing is early, in order to promote vegetable seedlings. Before the low temperature, it is not suitable to apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. It can spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 to 3 times.
Sprinkle ash: Before the advent of low temperature, sprinkle a layer of ash on the vegetables and the ground, which can prevent cold and prevent freezing, increase nutrients, and have better control effect on the root rot of cruciferous vegetables.
Coverage: In the afternoon before freezing, cover with straw or other coverings sparsely covered on the gills or vegetables, must not cover all the vegetables, so as not to affect photosynthesis. It is advisable to cover 100 kg of rice straw per acre.
Spraying petroleum vapor suppressant: Select 30- to 40-fold oil spray inhibitors on plants in sunny days 3 to 4 days before the onset of the cold current. This will not only form a layer of invisible cold-proof film on the leaves, but also reduce the transpiration of the leaves. To protect the body temperature of the vegetables and achieve the purpose of preventing cold.
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