Another year of rice breeding. At present, just as the rice seedlings in our province start from south to north, it is a sudden spring.
On March 25, Jiang Xinlu, a science and technology officer at the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told the reporter that the cold temperature decline in the spring and lasted for a long time, which has caused a certain impact on rice breeding in our province, especially in south Sichuan, which has just emerged and has emerged and uncovered. Seedlings have a greater impact. According to emergency field investigations and technical consultations, experts have figured out the real harm to the rice seedlings caused by this cold spell, and proposed specific technical measures.
influences:
Slow growth after germination
Jiang Xinlu introduced that the current low temperature impact on the stage of childbirth is mainly manifested in
Seedlings that have emerged and have been removed from the film: After the seedlings have emerged, in order to synchronize them with the growing environment as quickly as possible, there is a process of hardening seedlings. That is, when the seedlings in the shed grow to the 1.5th leaf, they start unmasking the seedlings. The two cultivars are exposed first, and then fully exposed after 2-3 days, so that the seedlings grow in the natural environment. At this time, it was cold and chilly. Due to the young seedlings, the autotrophic system was not yet fully established, and the growth environment was deteriorated due to the low temperature. Therefore, the seedling leaves were yellow-coloured, and the growth was slow or even stagnant. Too low temperatures would also cause cold damage and even freezing damage. The organization was damaged, and the water loss was demonstrated. The leaves turned yellow until they turned white and the leaves died.
Seedlings that have emerged but have not been removed from the film: The seedlings have emerged, but the seedlings that have not yet been filmed have been weak. The cold weather caused the outside environment to be low in temperature, but since the film was not removed yet, the temperature inside the arch was reduced, but it was higher than the outside and had a delayed effect on the growth of the seedlings, but not so much.
Has not sown seedlings: after sowing arch cover film, seedling seedbed, after encountering late spring temperature makes the environment lower, while the temperature within the shed will be appropriately reduced, directly affect the seed germination, resulting in slow seedlings, germination rate is low, germination The potential is low and the emergence is not neat.
Unseeded areas: In the late spring, the temperature is lowered, and if it can not be raised to more than 10°C, the planting will be affected and the planting period will be delayed. In particular, the delayed planting period will exacerbate the contradiction in the two quarterly fields.
Countermeasures:
Careful management and replanting
In view of the fact that South Sichuan has emerged and grown, Sichuan has been planted, and Sichuan and northern Sichuan have not yet been sown. In order to ensure stable yields and high yields this year, Jiang Xinlu proposed the following specific technical measures.
Careful management of stocks. For the seedbeds that can continue to cover the membranes, it is possible to choose to cover the membrane at a slightly higher temperature at noon. Can not continue to cover the temperature of the seedbed, should seize the timing of the temperature began to rise, a reasonable top dressing, promote long strong seedlings, carefully managed stocking seedlings. For dry nursery seedlings, the leaf age is about 3 leaves, and 2 kg of farmyard manure can be used to dilute 15 kilograms of water, followed by urea 2 for topdressing. For wet nursery fields, because the seedlings are now weak, some grow seedlings and do not rush to water.
Grab the sunny days to dry the field. In the morning, the water is put in the field to promote the growth of weak seedlings. Can also be taken in the morning to put water to dry fields, the method of shallow water irrigation in the evening to promote the growth of seedlings. At the same time, based on the principle of dual action of sterilization and physiological regulation, it is recommended to use 5 grams of “Green Hunter's Spirit†and 10 ml of “11.6% amine ester†of plant dragon or 8 ml of “30% Icicone†in Zhongwei. Plant Dragon "1.6% amine ester" 10 ml watered 15 kg manual foliar spray evenly, to achieve seedling growth, and to prevent the generation of aphids, aphids, rice thrips and other pests.
Strengthen the management of seedbed membranes. For unseeded seedlings, do not hurry to remove the seedlings even if the seedlings emerge. When the temperature rose steadily to around 13 degrees, the weather began to open at nearly noon and the two were opened. Before 4 o'clock in the afternoon, the film was gradually covered, and gradually the seedlings were slowly adjusted to the environment to avoid cold damage.
Reasonably determine replanting. For the emergence status, it is reasonable to determine whether to replant or not. Due to the low temperatures during late spring, germination rates and emergence will be affected. Therefore, in particular, seedlings that have just started to emerge, some seeds may continue to sprout. Therefore, for the seedlings that are currently out of seedlings, replanting can be suspended. After the temperature rises, the seedling status will be investigated.
Delay sowing countermeasures. If the cold weather lasts, it will directly affect the sowing, which will result in a delay in the sowing time. Late sowing seedbeds, adhere to a reasonable dense planting, it is best not to increase the amount of seeding to improve seedling quality. Pay close attention to the weather conditions. Once the temperature rises steadily, it is expected that when the weather improves in the next day, it will be soaked in time. The next day, it will be coated with a “dry nurse†to catch the sunshine in time. Select the seeding cover between 10:00 am and 3:00 pm Membrane, raise seedbed temperature, ensure high seedling rate.
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