Urea feeding method

Feeding urea to cattle, if properly fed, can effectively replace some of the protein in ruminant feed such as cattle and sheep, increase the digestibility of crude fiber in low protein feeds, increase weight gain and increase nitrogen retention. Because urea nitrogen can be converted into amino acids and true proteins in the rumen, it is eventually used in the intestinal tract by moderate ruminants to form tissue proteins and milk proteins. According to the determination, the nutritional value of 5 kg soybean cake or 7 kg flaxseed cake protein per kilogram of urea can be reduced, so that the cost of raising cattle can be reduced and the benefit can be improved. First, the utilization mechanism of urea in cattle Body urea is decomposed into ammonia and carbon dioxide by the enzymatic decomposition of urease produced by some microorganisms in the rumen of cattle, which can meet the energy needed for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the rumen. This results in the proliferation of rumen microbes. In turn, the efficiency of cellulolytic bacteria breaking down cellulose is increased. At the same time, microorganisms in the rumen can also increase the efficiency of the synthesis of amino acids and enhance the synthesis of bacterial proteins. After the microorganisms die, their proteins are utilized by the cattle in the intestine. This is how urea can promote the growth and development of ruminants such as cattle. principle. Second, the feeding method 1. Urea and grain concentrate feed evenly fed, or the mixed urea concentrate feed and roughage or light industry by-products of fruit residue, beet pulp and other mixed even feeding. The urea content is 0.1% to 0.2%. 2. Directly mix urea with hay, or urea is dissolved in water and then sprayed on hay; it is also possible to dissolve the urea by spraying it on dry stalk for 14 to 20 days before feeding. The urea content is the same as above. 3. Feed 0.1% to 0.2% urea with corn and syrup to form a liquid feed. 4. Add urea to make silage feed. The amount of urea added is generally 0.2% to 0.5% of the silage; or 3.4 to 4 kg of urea and 1.5 to 2 kg of ammonium sulfate, respectively, are formulated as aqueous solutions, and 1 ton of silage silage is incorporated, which can increase silage The sulfur element, and can reduce the amount of urea, reduce costs, and thus better than the former. 5. Made of urea feed brick feed. The non-protein nitrogen compounds such as urea and cereal concentrates, minerals, etc. are thoroughly mixed and pressed into brick-like bricks. The main components of urea feed forage bricks produced in China are crude protein 30%, urea 21%, molasses 9%, salt 15%, bone meal 4%, calcium:phosphorus 2:1, and various vitamins and trace elements. When in use, place the urea feed bricks on the pasture or in the grazing area, and allow any cow to feed freely and provide sufficient drinking water. Third, urea feed cattle should pay attention to the problem 1. Urea can not be fed directly, should pay attention to feeding methods. Because if urea is directly fed to cattle, the hydrolysis rate of urea in the rumen is too fast (usually decomposed within 30 minutes), the rate of explosive ammonia release from urea is not coordinated with the rate of degradation of carbohydrates in the roughage, resulting in roughage and urea Can not be fully used by the rumen microorganisms, not only caused a waste of feed and urea, but also due to accumulation of ammonia in a short time caused by bovine poisoning, excretion will also pollute the environment. 2. Strict urea feeding amount. It is generally believed that the maximum urea fed amount is 0.3-0.4 kg/kg body weight. If the amount of urea exceeds 0.4 g/kg body weight, it can cause cow poisoning. When the urea content exceeds 0.3%, the feed palatability declines, and the cattle’s consumption declines. Food intake decreases, which in turn affects weight gain and lactation. 3. The urea should be fed continuously because the bovine body and the rumen microorganism have an adaptation process to urea, so the effect of continuous feeding is good. 4. Reasonably formulate the cow's diet. 1 energy. The precondition for the use of urea nitrogen to synthesize bacterial proteins from rumen microorganisms in cattle is that there must be sufficient carbon racks and energy, so the higher the energy level in the diet, the higher the urea use efficiency. Therefore, when urea is fed to cattle, there should be enough grain feed in the cattle diet. 2 protein levels. When the protein in the diet satisfies the nutrient requirements of the bovine body, when non-protein nitrogen such as urea is used as part of the nitrogen source in the cattle diet, much of it is wasted. Therefore, the urea nitrogen content of the cattle diet should not exceed 5% of the total dietary nitrogen, and the protein level should be kept at 9%. 3 Minerals in the diet. When ruminal microorganisms utilize urea and other non-protein nitrogens to synthesize cystine and other sulfur-containing amino acids, sulfur is needed, so urea-fed cattle should pay attention to sulfur supply. Sodium sulfate is commonly used as a source of sulfur recharge. The amount of replenishment is 1/15 of the amount of urea. The use of copper, cobalt, and sulfur interacts with each other, which in turn directly or indirectly affects the efficiency of urea utilization. Therefore, attention should also be paid to replenishment. 5. Feeds containing urea cannot be fed immediately after the cattle are over-starved and transported long distances. Because in these cases, urea breaks down fast in the rumen, and it reduces urea use efficiency and is prone to poisoning. 6. It is not possible to mix urea with legumes such as bean cakes, alfalfa and clover. Because these feeds contain a large amount of urea acid, decomposition of urea, resulting in waste; enter the rumen decompose quickly, easily lead to bovine poisoning. 7. When feeding urea silage, it should be taken out and let ammonia evaporate before feeding cows. Otherwise, ammonia poisoning will occur. 8. Non-weaned calves should not feed urea. Because yak's gastrointestinal normal microflora has not been established during weaning, urea cannot be used, and gastrointestinal discomfort and poisoning are prone to occur. 9. When the feed containing urea is started, there should be an adaptation period of more than two weeks. During this period, gradually increase the amount of feed. 10. Dairy cows with high milk production (24-27 kg/day) should not feed urea-containing feeds. Because at a high milk yield, the rate of microbial synthesis of bacterial proteins in the rumen is reduced and urea cannot be used very well, which adversely affects cattle health and aggravates environmental pollution. Fourth, urea poisoning treatment measures 1. Intoxication symptoms of bovine whole body scrofula, rumen hernia, dyspnea, decreased rumination (due to severe), mydriasis, anal relaxation. 2. Treatment immediately stop feeding urea or urea-containing feed. Fill 2 to 4 liters of 20% acetic acid or 20% sodium acetate solution and 20% glucose aliquot solution to stop urea decomposition and neutralization of nitrogen; intravenous injection of 20% sodium thiosulfate 500ml and injection of calcium gluconate 300-500 ml or 25% glucose 500-1000 ml is treated as symptomatic.

Sodium Hyaluronate(HA), Hyaluronic acid could be used in eye surgery, such as corneal transplantation, cataract surgery, glaucoma surgery, and surgery to repair retinal detachment.

 

Eye drop grade Sodium Hyaluronate is an important component of intercellular substance, eye vitreous body, joint fluid and other connective tissue. It acts the important physiologic roles in holding body's moisture, maintaining extracellular space, adjusting osmotic pressure, lubricating and promoting cells to repair in the body. Sodium Hyaluronate can be used as viscoelastic agent inintraocular lens implantation operation, as the filler in the osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis and otherjoint surgery, as a medium widely used in eye drops, it also can be used to prevent postoperative adhesion and facilitate the wound heal. The compounds formed by the reaction of Sodium Hyaluronate with other drugs play a drug release effect role, thus achieve the purpose of drug targeted and time controlled release.

 

With the development of medical technology, Sodium Hyaluronate has been more and more widely used in medical applications. In 1976, Sodium Hyaluronate was first commercialized and used as ophthalmic viscoelastic agents, which is a significant progress in the ophthalmic industry. In 1987, Sodium Hyaluronate for intra-articular injection came in to the market. In 1990s, the large-scale production of Sodium Hyaluronate by fermentation made the cost lower, thus products containing Sodium Hyaluronate such as eye-drops, dermal fillers and other Sodium Hyaluronate preparations started to be used extensively.

 

Specification

Test Items	Standard
Appearance	White powder
Hyaluronic  acid	≥95%
Molecular weight	≥2.0 X 106 Da
PH	6.0-7.5
Loss on drying	≤10%
Protein	≤0.08%
Nitrogen	3.0%-4.0%
Heavy metal	≤10ppm
Bacterial counts	≤80cfu/g
Mold and Yeast	≤10cfu/g
Sterile Test	Complies
Shelf Life	Two Years
Conclusion	The results meet the standard

 

Eye Drop Grade Hyaluronic Acid Powder

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