Family: Euphorbiaceae, commonly known as Red Mulberry
Scientific Name: Acalypha hispida
Plant Type: Evergreen shrub
Morphological Features:
The Dog Tail Red plant typically grows between 0.5 to 3 meters tall. Its leaves are oval-shaped, measuring about 12 to 15 cm in length, with a bright green upper surface and a lighter green underside. The most distinctive feature is its long, bright red inflorescence, which is axillary, ranging from 30 to 60 cm in length and up to 2.5 cm in diameter. These spikes droop gracefully, resembling a dog’s tail.
Flowering occurs mainly during autumn and winter.
Origin: Native to Malaysia, it is widely cultivated in southern China, including Guangdong, Fujian, and Guangxi.
There are approximately 200 species within the genus Acalypha, mostly found in tropical regions.
Ecological Habits:
This plant thrives in sunny conditions and is not cold-tolerant. It prefers warm climates, with an ideal winter temperature of above 18°C, and nighttime temperatures should remain moderate. Growth stops when temperatures drop below 12°C, and the leaves may begin to droop. Prolonged exposure to low temperatures can cause yellowing and leaf fall, potentially leading to plant death. It requires well-draining soil rich in organic matter.
The optimal temperature range for "Dogtail Red" is 20°C to 30°C. It should be placed in areas with good sunlight and air circulation, but shaded during the summer to avoid direct sun exposure. Since it prefers a moist environment, the soil should be kept consistently moist. In dry and hot conditions, misting the plants and their surroundings can help increase humidity.
During the growing season, apply a balanced liquid fertilizer once a week to promote flowering. In winter, move the plant indoors to a sunny spot, maintaining a temperature of at least 15°C. If temperatures drop below 10°C, the plant may lose its leaves, and in severe cases, could die. Watering should be reduced in winter, keeping the soil slightly dry. In northern China, where indoor heating causes dry air, it's advisable to mist the plant with water at room temperature to prevent leaf edges from drying out.
Garden Use:
The unique, long, and drooping inflorescences of the Dog Tail Red make it a striking addition to any space. With vibrant red flowers and evergreen foliage, it is often used in small to medium-sized pots, suitable for placement in living rooms, studies, or bedrooms. It is also popular for special occasions and celebrations due to its fresh and lively appearance.
The plant’s foliage is lush and evergreen, while its flower spikes resemble small, colorful tails. It is ideal as a medium-sized potted plant for decorating halls, living rooms, and other indoor spaces. In southern China, where the climate is warm, it can also be planted outdoors for ornamental purposes.
Recently, new varieties with soft, drooping branches, dense foliage, and compact inflorescences have emerged. These are marketed as “Year-old (Spike and Spike) Red,†symbolizing longevity and tradition. This unique and wild-looking plant has become a favorite for indoor decoration during winter. It is also considered a promising new variety of medlar flower, suitable for desks, shelves, cabinet tops, and hanging baskets. When hung by windows, it sways gently with the wind, creating a beautiful and dynamic visual effect.
Commonly used as ornamental potted plants include:
Red Mulberry (Acalypha wikesiana), a multi-branched evergreen shrub that can grow up to 5 meters tall. Its leaves are usually green, often with red or purple spots, making it a popular choice for foliage display. It thrives in strong light, and under such conditions, the leaves turn dark red.
Varieties like Striped Red Mulberry, Phnom Penh Red Mulberry, Leaf Red Mulberry, Colorful Leaf Red Mulberry, and Phnom Penh Wrinkled Leaf Red Mulberry are all visually stunning and exotic, making them excellent choices for decorative indoor planting.
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