The high-pressure steam sterilizer is widely used as a disinfection tool for various medical and health units in urban and rural areas. Although it has the advantages of fast sterilization speed, reliable effect, high temperature and strong penetrating power, some units have been found in recent years, improper repair, maintenance and use. , leading to sterilization failure, causing adverse consequences. Some comments that should be noted in sterilization.
First, the preliminary treatment of disinfected articles
Medical devices, sheets, and clothing that have been exposed to pathogenic microorganisms should be disinfected with a chemical disinfectant and then cleaned as usual. In particular, all kinds of articles after use in infectious wards must be strictly controlled, first disinfected, then cleaned and disinfected. For routine cleaning, first wash and scrub with detergent solution to remove oil, dirt and other dirt on the items, and then rinse with running water. Instruments and other items such as shaft joints, cogging and gaps should be opened or removed as much as possible for thorough washing. The washed items should be dried and packaged according to clinical needs to avoid re-contamination. Containers and delivery tools for removing pre- and post-contamination items should be strictly distinguished and clearly marked to prevent cross-contamination.
Second, the packaging and container of disinfectant items should be suitable
The package is made of double-layered white cotton cloth. The new cloth should be washed and de-slurry before use. The goods are packed with wire ropes, so it is advisable not to loosen them loosely, and should not be too tight. The volume of the bag should not exceed the fire and the male yin. When using the container, it can be used to block the invasion of external microorganisms and has good steam penetration. Such as a special syringe sterilization box, a storage tank for dressings, and the like. The civil aluminum box is difficult to enter due to steam, and the air inside the box is not easily discharged. The sterilization effect is often not achieved by conventional sterilization. Test comparison shows that its pollution rate is much higher than that of medical aluminum boxes. Therefore, it is not possible to use a civilian aluminum boxed syringe or instrument for sterilization.
Third, the disinfection of items should be reasonable
Too much sterilization or improper placement can affect the sterilization effect. The contents of the sterilizer should not be over-squeezed and should not exceed the amount of the pot. Try to sterilize similar items in one pot. If different types of items are put together, the temperature and time required for the sterilization of the items should be determined. When loading and unloading the items, the upper and lower sides should be crossed and staggered to leave a gap to make the steam easy to penetrate. The large disinfection bag should be placed on the upper layer. The small enamel box and the storage tank should be placed on the lining and the metal storage. The metal objects should be placed on the lower layer so that the two are basically the same. And condensed water generated in the sterilization of metal articles to wet the cloth.
Fourth, exhaust the air
When using a high pressure steam sterilizer , the key to Zui is to drain the air inside the pot. If there is air in the pot, the pressure indicated by the pneumatic needle is not the pressure generated by the saturated steam. At the same pressure, the air-mixed steam has a temperature lower than that produced by saturated steam. See table
The relationship between pressure and temperature when the degree of air removal in the pot is different. The temperature at which the air is excluded to different degrees. The total elimination of the air is excluded. The temperature is °C when the air is completely excluded, and the temperature is not excluded, which is equivalent to boiling. Sterilization can not kill the spores and hepatitis virus in a short time, affecting the sterilization effect. Therefore, the exhaust must be thorough, and the exhaust time should be about minutes.
V. Reasonable calculation of sterilization time
The sterilization time includes 1 penetration time from the time the sterilization temperature is reached in the pot, and the time to reach the temperature in the pot is also reached. The time to reach this temperature is 2 the time required to kill the microorganisms, generally to kill the thermophilic fat. The time required for Bacillus spores is expressed as the time it takes to die at the factory minute 3 safe time to increase the time required for the exact assurance of sterilization. It is usually half of the hot death time, and its length depends on the disinfection item. Sterilization of easily conductive metal equipment does not require safe time. During the sterilization time, pay attention to the pressure gauge and adjust the intake air amount to maintain the pressure at the time until the sterilization time. During the sterilization process, if there is pressure and temperature drop, the temperature should be raised again and re-timed.
Sixth, after sterilization requirements
After the disinfectant is dry, check the indicator to meet the sterilization requirements. When taking sterile items, it should be strictly aseptic, cover the cover first, and close the vent hole in the storage tank. Items should be stored off the ground. Not far from the top of the food, away from the wall to reduce pollution from the ground, roof and walls. At the same time, it should be classified and placed in order. Exceeding the expiration date, the hot and humid season generally does not exceed seven days, and items that can be extended to the day in the cold and dry season should be stopped.
Seven, to prevent superheated steam
For example, in the case of "pressure, it should be different. When it exceeds Luo, it becomes superheat. Although the temperature of superheated steam is high, like air, it cannot be condensed into water when it encounters disinfectant, and it cannot release latent heat, so it is not good for sterilization. The way to prevent superheat is to use the external steam extinguisher, do not make the temperature of the interlayer higher than the temperature of the disinfection chamber, the two should be similar. Do not let the steam that is too high pressure enter the disinfection chamber. Do not use high pressure steam to heat to the required temperature during drying and sterilization, and then reduce the pressure.
Eight, pay attention to safety
Check that the autoclave is in good working condition before each sterilization, especially if the safety valve is good. After the disinfection, the decompression is too fast. The pot door should be opened when the pressure gauge is returned to the position. If the sterilizing pot is a bottled solution and suddenly opens the pan, the glass suddenly encounters cold air and is prone to burst. It must be noted that if the pan door is suddenly opened too much, the cold air enters a large amount, and the steam around the bag is easily condensed into water. Pointing and blocking the perforation of the cloth, hindering the discharge of steam in the cloth, and making the article damp.
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