Release date: 2015-12-04
A so-called "latest research" "cancer prevention method" circulating on the Internet, claiming to come from Johns Hopkins University, promotes the acidity and alkalinity of various foods, and claims that "starved cancer cells" are more effective than chemotherapy radiotherapy. Treatment. This information is actually just a rumor, the content is completely wrong, misleading many people. However, based on the widespread influence of this rumor, Johns Hopkins University also gave rumors on its official website.
Now, let us look at the translation of the essays, translated by @何Jasonå¾®åšåŒ»å¦ç§‘æ™®.
Rumors #1 and 2: Everyone contains cancer cells
Luis Diaz from the Ludwig Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics Center explained that cancer is actually a genetic disease. It occurs because the genes in our body are mutated or modified. Some of these changes are inherited from parents, but a larger part is closely related to the environment in which we live.
For example, if people have bad smoking and eating habits, they are likely to develop cancer. In terms of mechanism, these genetic changes will inactivate certain regulatory factors in our body, allowing some cells to multiply and proliferate uncontrollably. These cells are what we call malignant cells or cancer cells. The total amount of cells in the human body exceeds one trillion, and there must be some abnormal cells that are abnormal or mutated. They may also have the same characteristics as cancer cells. But please note that most of these cells will undergo self-apoptosis (ie suicide), or be cleared by our immune system, and most will not develop into cancer!
There are no standardized general methods for cancer screening, but some modern medical techniques can be used to detect cancer at a relatively early stage of cancer, such as colonoscopy for colon cancer, mammography for breast cancer, and prostate. PSA examination of cancer and Pap smear of cervical cancer, etc. But other cancers, there are no good methods of examination, doctors can only be diagnosed accurately after the symptoms of these cancers.
Diaz and his colleagues from the Ludwing Cancer Genetics and Therapy Center are working hard to make this difficult problem. They hope to invent some new technologies and methods, hoping to detect and diagnose cancer as soon as possible. Researchers hope that cancer-specific fragments of cancer cells released into the blood and body fluids can be used to detect cancer before it develops to cause symptoms. These new methods are expected to be widely used for cancer screening.
In addition to screening for cancer, these new methods can also be used in cancer patients who have undergone surgical resection: they can predict whether a cancer will recur or whether a small amount of malignant cells remain in the surgery, and even find X-rays and microscopes. Unresolved cancer cells!
Some researchers have different ideas. Their eyes are focused on cancer stem cells. These cancer stem cells are usually in a "stealth state" and only cause very slight mutations or very small tumors. Researchers believe that these cancer stem cells cause a series of tumors to occur or relapse, so targeted treatments specifically targeting these cells are undergoing clinical trials, hoping to fundamentally address cancer.
However, even though there may be undetectable cancer cells in everyone, even if there are so many possibilities, it does not mean that everyone will eventually develop cancer. Most of these stealth cancer cells will not develop into cancer. What's more, every day there are a large number of cancer patients who have been treated by modern medicine!
Gossip #3: A powerful immune system can kill cancer
The relationship between the immune system and cancer is not described as "strong" or "weak". More important is the problem of "recognition". Elizabeth Jaffee, an authoritative expert on cancer immunology, explains: “Fundamentally, our immune system does not recognize cancer. Because cancer cells are extremely complex, they can even disguise themselves as a healthy one. Normal cells, thus avoiding the killing of the immune system. Ordinary cells are infected by viruses or bacteria, releasing unique signaling molecules that allow the immune system to recognize itself and take action. Cancer cells cannot be identified and killed through this route. ."
By cracking the mechanism by which cancer cells evade the immune system, they even invented a vaccine against cancer and achieved initial success. These vaccines stimulate our immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer cells including prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, leukemia and multiple myeloma.
Rumors #4 and 5: Cancer is caused by a lack of certain nutrients, and supplementing these lacking substances can eliminate cancer cells.
William Nelson of the Camo Cancer Center said: "Some eating habits and lifestyle patterns (such as smoking) do cause many tumors. Our experts also recommend some healthy eating patterns to reduce cancer risk (see rumors #11) The supplementation of these nutrients may improve the vitamin deficiency, but if we Supplement too much nutrients and exceed normal needs, it will have no effect."
Rumors #6~10: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can damage healthy cells. Surgical treatment can lead to cancer cell spread
According to Nelson, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are significantly selective. Some side effects do occur during chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but these side effects are clearly reversible and temporary. Including hair loss and cytopenia. Altering and treating these side effects is also part of chemoradiation.
As for surgical resection, it is the preferred treatment for many cancers. Surgery does not cause cancer cells to spread. The spread of cancer is only part of the development of cancer. Cancer cells leave the primary tumor and spread through the bloodstream to other parts of the body, rather than surgery to promote the spread of cancer cells.
Rumors #11 to 14: Cancer uses certain foods as its own nutrition
As mentioned in the rumors, cancer cells are powered by certain special foods. If we avoid using certain foods to prevent cancer, cancer cells will starve to death. Is this statement accurate? In the opinion of experts, bad eating habits or obesity are high risk factors for cancer, but there is no evidence that any food has anti-cancer function. It is hoped that food will not change the environment in which cancer lives, nor will it promote the death or growth of cancer cells.
Elizabeth Platz, an expert in cancer prevention and control, said: Cancer cells do produce some mucus, but these mucus are definitely not caused by drinking milk. Reducing meat intake is indeed a way to prevent cancer, but doing so does not produce certain "enzymes" to attack cancer cells, that is, eating less meat can't fight cancer.
Platz said that dietary regulation is the key to preventing cancer. As part of a balanced diet, the sugar, salt, milk, coffee, tea and meat mentioned in the rumors are safe to eat. Of course, these foods do have problems, especially sugar – they increase the calories we consume, calories. These increased calories can lead to a high risk factor for cancer, namely obesity. He also said that a balanced diet, average weight, moderate exercise, and avoidance of alcohol can reduce the risk of cancer by a third (how many people can do it...). Platz also recommends eating more than 5 servings of vegetables and fruits a day, and limiting the intake of red meat and processed meat such as hot dogs.
Several Johns Hopkins experts published the following recommendations in a guide published in November 2007 as a means of preventing cancer and maintaining health:
1. Try to keep a low weight when you are not underweight;
2. Perform at least 30 minutes of Physical exercise every day;
3. Avoid drinking sugary drinks. Limit the consumption of some energy-intensive foods (especially processed foods with added sugar, less cellulose and high fat)
4. All kinds of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and beans should eat more
5. Limit the consumption of red meat (beef, pork, lamb, etc.) and avoid eating processed meat
6. Men can drink up to 2 units of alcohol per day, while women can have up to 1 unit (no unit mentioned in the article)
7. Limit salt intake, including salt-treated foods;
8. Do not take some so-called "dietary supplements" to prevent cancer
Experts suggest that we should control the intake of nutrients through diet. Although some people who lack vitamins can benefit from vitamin supplements, there is evidence that normal people do not have any benefit in supplementing these extra vitamins.
Rumors #15: Cancer is actually a mental and physical illness
John Groopman, another cancer prevention and control expert, says that cancer is actually a disease caused by genetic changes. In many cases, these genetic changes are caused by our bad behavior: like smoking, bad eating habits, viral infections and excessive sun exposure.
The effects of the spirit, beliefs and many factors on cancer are actually unknown. Platz said, we also hope that people can live in a happy, full of love and stress-free environment, because it is a good way of life and can feel the meaning of human beings. But there is no evidence that a person's spirit and mood can cause or prevent cancer.
Gossip #16: Oxygen can kill cancer cells
Platz pointed out that moderate exercise is a necessary factor for any healthy lifestyle. However, there is currently no evidence to support that deep breathing or oxygen therapy can prevent cancer.
The American Cancer Society describes oxygen therapy on its website as follows: "Now some valid scientific evidence has shown that even if you take some chemicals that release oxygen, you can't treat cancer. This so-called treatment is very dangerous. The death of patients receiving these treatments has been reported."
Source: Internet
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