I. Tremella production conditions When the use of energy-saving greenhouses to produce tremella, the greenhouse structure was slightly remodeled, and semi-basement solar greenhouses were converted to tunnel cultivation. In the same way, in order to keep the temperature in the high-temperature pits from being too high, it is better to plant climbing crops around the pits first, such as pumpkins, loofahs, cucumbers, lentils, etc. The green plants can not only reduce the temperature, but also adjust the air humidity to make the pits. The air around the room is clear, which is conducive to the growth of white fungus. In addition, the upper part of the greenhouse can be built into a shed, surrounded by straw or reed curtains around the shed, and then the wood and other materials (culture materials) can be put into the indoor bedstead. on. For example, if the tremella is cultivated in underground tunnels, the suitable temperature for fruit body growth is 20°C to 25°C. June to October in Jiangsu, Anhui and Shandong are the most suitable seasons for the growth of white fungus, and the high temperatures in July and August are good for white fungus. The growth of mycelium and fruit bodies has an effect, and measures must be taken to reduce the temperature in order to meet the growth needs of mycelium and fruiting bodies. In the space, the wall spray, enhanced ventilation, thickening the roof cover can achieve cooling effect. For the control of the humidity, it is necessary to pay attention to the moisture content of the wood itself and maintain a high air humidity. According to the weather conditions, the ground humidity, culture materials, dry and wet and white fungus looks, flexible control of the amount of water spray and the number of water spray. Specifically, sunny winds mostly spray water, and white fungus yellows and shrinks more and more; otherwise, less water or water is not sprayed. It is best to receive water from your tremella every half a day to one day, from 11 noon to 3 in the hot afternoon. Spray water on the pit walls and ceiling. Do not spray directly on the wood. If the temperature is too high, spray water sooner or later. Tremella fuciformis is a kind of aerobic fungus. If the culture environment is depressed and poor ventilation, it will easily cause damage and spread of ear, worm, and bacteria. Ventilation should be combined with moisturizing, otherwise the environment is dry, which is not conducive to the growth of fruit bodies and hyphae. Although light does not play an important role in the growth of Tremella, it must have some scattered light. If the light is too strong, the temperature and humidity are not easy to control, and if it is too dark, it will cause depression. Miscellaneous bacteria, diseases, and pests are prone to occur. In short, to ensure that Tremella grows normally and robustly, we must properly handle the relationship between temperature, humidity, ventilation, light and other factors. If growing in the tunnel, pay attention to the length of the tunnel, the width of the narrow channel, the calculation of the amount of wood and the amount of culture materials, and the thickness of the roof shade.
Second, Tremella production technology Solar greenhouse or semi-underground solar greenhouse above ground, can also use sawdust or crushed small branches, or bagasse into the bottle for bottle cultivation. Bottle preparations, loading and inoculation were the same as in ordinary greenhouse cultivation.
(1) Loading Inoculation Firstly, the bottled culture medium is inoculated, and the bottle mouth is placed on the bed frame for cultivation. The optimum growth temperature of the white fungus mycelia is 22°C to 24°C, and the relative humidity of the air is about 60%. If the room is warmed up and the air is dry, the ground should be sprinkled regularly so as not to affect the mycelial growth. After 3 days to 4 days after inoculation, hyphae and contamination were checked every day, and bacteria were found to be eliminated in time. 10 days after inoculation, when the mycelium fills the bottle surface, the rubber band around the bottle mouth can be removed, and the plastic film of the bottle mouth can be lifted up by about one centimeter to increase the air inside the bottle to make the mycelium grow thick and dense. . After 3 days to 4 days, white patchy mycelium began to appear on the soil of strains, and rot was also secreted to remove it in time. In another 3 days or so, the Tremella primordia gradually formed. At this time, the membrane on the bottle mouth should be raised again. In order to prevent the film from falling down, two supports were inserted inside the bacterium bottle to increase the air and maintain the humidity in the bottle. In this way, the primordium quickly differentiates into white, bright, and wrinkly small fruit bodies.
(b) Open bottle management Tremella fuciformis grows in slices, requiring high temperature and low humidity, with light and relatively ventilated environmental conditions.
1. Temperature Tremella fruit body growth process is suitable for the temperature of 20 °C ~ 25 °C, if the cultivation season is properly mastered, insulation work is done well, indoor cultivation in general under normal circumstances do not need to warm, unfair to grasp the unfavorable growth. Seen from the spring and autumn seasons, cultivation in the spring is more advantageous, because the air humidity is high, the temperature is gradually rising, and the conditions are easy to control. In the autumn, the climate is dry, and the temperature is often not enough in the later period of cultivation, and the conditions are difficult to grasp.
2. Moisture Tremella fruit body needs to absorb more water when it is opened, and direct water spray can easily cause bad ears, which seriously affects the yield. Therefore, maintain a certain degree of air humidity, that is, the relative humidity should be maintained at more than 90%. The way to keep the humidity is to make the ground often wet and add air spray. If the temperature is not enough to warm up, steam is used instead of reducing the air humidity and increasing the temperature.
3. Ventilation and light Tremella growth requires good ventilation and a certain amount of scattered light. The indoor air is fresh. Tremella fuciformis grows well and the color is white. Therefore, the bottle must not be put too much during cultivation. The indoor air should be properly ventilated every day so that there is no room for sulking into the room. feel. When the weather is clear and the temperature is high, ventilation is better in the early morning; when the temperature is low, ventilation at noon is preferred.
4. Management after earing When a small fruit body with bright and light wrinkles grows, the film can be peeled off and replaced with a paper cover. Each morning and evening, the water is sprayed on the paper cover to keep the paper cover moist. Avoid direct spray on the fruit body, causing bad ears. Under suitable conditions, the fruiting bodies begin to differentiate and young ears appear one after another. At this time, the ears should be checked and the young bottles should be managed in a centralized manner. The humidity should be slightly increased. After the fruiting bodies grow up slightly, remove the paper sleeves. It grows and grows at a rate of 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm per day. Generally, the first harvest is performed after 7 to 10 days of bottle opening. Under normal circumstances, after the first harvest, the wrinkled fruit bodies will continue to form on the ear roots, and they will gradually grow and grow again, so that each bottle can be harvested 2 to 3 times. Improper harvest management can cause premature aging of fruiting bodies or mildew and affect yield. According to the experiment, a 105-square-meter semi-submerged greenhouse with a steel frame can grow two seasons of white fungus from May to June and from September to October. Each season, about 10,000 bags are cultivated, and the survival rate is about 80%. Each bag can produce 50 grams of white fungus.
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