Adding time to timely delivery of cows after calving consumes a lot of energy, and the addition of fat itself is also a kind of stress, so cows should not be added in the short term after delivery. It can be added 3 to 5 weeks after childbirth. After the addition, the stress will be less affected and the milk production will temporarily drop, but then the milk production will increase. Especially in the hot season and lactation period, the effect of adding fat is better, and the peak period of milk production can be prolonged, so that the milk production during the whole lactation period is increased. However, the effect is not obvious until late lactation, and there is no need to use protective fat.
The composition of the diet should be reasonable to give full play to the effect of adding fat, and attention should be paid to feeding high-quality hay, so that the amount of fiber meets the requirement, and the rumen promotes more production of acid, so that the fat can be fully exerted, and milk yield and milk fat percentage of dairy cows can be significantly increased. . The dry matter crude fiber content in the diet should be at 17% level, and the acid washing fiber should be 21%. At the same time, the crude protein content in the diet should be increased; if the dietary calcium content is normal, it should be increased by 0.1%~0.2%. The content is maintained at 0.25% to 0.30%. Should also consider appropriate increase in dietary ruminal degradability protein and ruminal protein content, in order to maintain milk protein levels, not because of increased milk production and decreased.
Adding 6 grams to 12 grams of niacin, 10 grams of rumen-protected methionine, or 20 grams to 30 grams of rumen-lysine per day, or 20 grams to 30 grams of rumen-passed choline per day, supplemented with rumen-protected fat, etc. use. This has a significant synergistic effect on increasing milk production, milk fat percentage and milk protein levels, reducing metabolic diseases and improving reproductive performance.
It is necessary to distinguish between suitable subjects feeding protective fats, suitable for high- and middle-income dairy cows, and unsuitable for low-yielding dairy cows. The effect is not good. If the average milk yield of the herd is less than 25.5 kg, no additional fat or oil is required. If the amount of lactation exceeds this value, fat may be added to increase the energy concentration of the diet and meet its production needs. At the same time, the effect is better when the milk fat percentage is less than 3.5%; when the milk fat percentage is higher than 3.5%, the effect of adding is not obvious.
Gradual feeding of fat requires a gradual transition in the use and disuse of ruminal protective fat in the diet so that cows have time to adjust feed intake and rumen microbial flora. Gradually increasing fat intake can also avoid the problem of poor palatability. In the production, it is generally fed in three stages, that is, the full amount used after 3 weeks to 4 weeks does not significantly affect the palatability of the cow.
In short, when adding fat, we must fully consider the physiological characteristics and production levels of dairy cows, appropriately coordinate the amount of additives, the characteristics of rumen protected fat products, feeding and management and other factors, in order to further improve the production performance of dairy cows and tap the milk production potential of dairy cows. For maximum economic benefits.
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