I. Orchard and tree selection
Pre-bagging orchards should be far away from the source of pollution, and the garden is neat, the density is reasonable, the amount of per mu is 6 to 80,000, the coverage of orchards in the growing period is 60 to 80%, and the light transmittance of the canopy is more than 30%. Requires strong tree vigor (average length of peripheral shoots is 5 cm or more), fruit trees with sufficient water and fertilizer conditions and reasonable shoot densities.
Second, fertilizer and water management
1. Deciduous till the bud before the fertilizer. After pre-bagging the orchards, after harvesting fruits in the autumn of the previous year, organic fertilizers should be applied to the farmyard manure or biogas residue. According to the characteristics of orchard fertility, appropriate and targeted chemical fertilizers should be applied to ensure adequate fertility. Nutrition is complete.
2. Fertilizer after budding. Before and after budding, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer was the main form. After flower bud differentiation, phosphorus and potash fertilizers were mainly applied. Before bagging, the interval was 10 days. The leaves were sprayed twice with calcium fertilizer containing more than 10% of available calcium or sprayed once with biogas slurry. Clear water is 1:2 biogas clarifier.
3. After budding water. According to changes in soil moisture content, combined with fertilization and irrigation, drip irrigation and infiltrating irrigation are preferable. When there is accumulated water in the park, drainage is timely.
Third, thinning and thinning fruit
According to different varieties and fertility, reasonable spacing between flowers and fruits, thinning and fruit thinning. For medium-sized fruit cultivars, leave fruit as the main, leave a little double fruit, keep the spacing between flowers and fruits as 15~25cm, and leave one fruit for each 25 leaves; for large fruit cultivars, leave only one fruit and maintain the spacing between two fruits. In 20~30cm, leave one fruit for every 30 leaves. From the inflorescence extension period to the flower bud separation period, the excessively thin and densely thin inflorescences were removed at intervals, and the remaining inflorescence only retained the central flower and 1 to 2 side flowers. The number of planting flowers was 2 times more than the planned amount of flowering. , Shuguo is completed within one month after full bloom, leaving one fruit per fruit stand.
IV. Pest Control
Strengthening the control of bagging apple pests and diseases is a key technology for improving fruit quality. In a nutshell, the emphasis is on early treatment, with emphasis on extermination and sterilization in later stages.
1. Deciduous to pre-emergence (dormant period). Focus on prevention of rot, dry rot, spine rot, spotted deciduous disease, and red spider. Remove litter, deep-seated or burned; combined with winter shear, cut pests and branches, sick stalemate, turn over the twigs or combine to prevent old rot, scrape old rough skin, tumors, lesions, and bury them deeply. Spray the fungicide on the tree body once again.
2. Sprout to pre-flowering (germination). Focus on the control of rot, dry rot, branch ring rot disease, powdery mildew, aphids and leaf curls. The diseased spots and tumors were scraped, the copper humic acid solution was sprayed, and the mixture of carbendazim and imidacloprid was sprayed. A serious orchard in aphids sprays a mixture of chlorpyrifos and a sulfur suspension.
3. After flowering until young fruit bagging. Focus on the prevention and treatment of fruit ringworm disease, anthrax, early defoliation, spider mites, aphids, leaf curlers and gold-grained moths. The use of carbendazim, mancozeb, isoprenil, tetracycline and other agents, targeted spraying according to the dose, but also can take sweet and sour trapping or release of Trichogramma and other biological control, regardless of the kind of control , should be a week before the bagging in the whole park a unified spray insecticide.
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