Release date: 2018-01-15
Recently, researchers from Boston Children's Hospital have developed a medical robot that can be implanted and programmed to stimulate tissue growth by stimulating dysplastic tissue, thereby gradually extending the tubular organs without It can affect the function of the organ or induce some obvious discomfort in the patient. The related research is published in the international magazine Science Robotics. This robotic system is capable of inducing cell proliferation and extending the esophageal portion (up to 75%) in large animal bodies while the animal remains able to remain awakened and move, the researchers said, and the system can effectively treat long-spacing esophageal atresia It can also be used to prolong the length of the small intestine in patients with short bowel syndrome. Long-interval esophageal atresia is a rare birth defect in which the patient has a partial esophagus at birth.
The current most effective treatment for long-segment esophageal atresia is the Foker process, which uses the surgical suture to slowly extend the esophagus. In order to prevent the esophagus from being torn, the patient must be anesthetized in a coma and also need to be severely ill. Staying in the intensive care unit for 1-4 weeks, long-term fixed state often induces other complications, such as fractures or blood clots.
Russell Jennings, MD, said the study outlines a proof-of-concept that uses micro-robots to induce organ growth in the patient's body while also avoiding the sedation and paralysis required by the esophageal atresia during treatment. At present, the potential use of these robots has yet to be explored, and future researchers may be expected to use such micro-robots in many organs. This mobile robotic device is only absorbed into the esophagus, so the patient can move freely, covered by a smooth, biocompatible waterproof "skin", including two connecting rings, placed around the esophagus; A programmable controller external to the body applies adjustable traction to the connecting ring, allowing stable tissue to be pulled in the desired direction.
Researchers are currently testing the new device in the pig's esophagus, with 5 pigs receiving the graft and 3 pigs serving as controls. In 8-9 days, the distance between the two connecting loops increases by 2.5 per day. In centimeters, two of the connecting rings are located on both sides of the esophagus and are pulled in the opposite direction. Although the device exerts traction on the esophagus, the animal is still able to eat normally without showing any discomfort. On day 10, the esophageal fragments increased by an average of 77%. Examination of the tissue structure revealed that the cells that make up the esophagus showed signs of proliferation while the organs maintained their normal size. Dr. Pierre Dupont said that this suggests that we can't simply pull the esophagus, which is extended by cell growth; researchers now hope to start testing this robotic system in the body of a large animal model of short bowel syndrome, Long-segment esophageal atresia is very rare, and the incidence of short bowel syndrome is relatively high. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis often induces the occurrence of rectal syndrome, while Crohn's disease or a series of adults Infection or cancer requires the removal of large amounts of intestinal tissue.
Short bowel syndrome is a very serious disease. Patients often need intravenous infusion to ensure eating. This often leads to liver failure. Sometimes liver transplantation or multiple organ transplantation is needed, and the patient's final result is very It’s terrible, and the entire treatment process is very expensive; researchers hope to get more funding to test this new device in large animal models so that it can eventually enter human clinical trials.
Finally, researcher Dupont said that no one knows the optimal traction that can be applied to an organ to induce its growth. In fact, we don't know how much traction should be used in the clinic, which is based on the surgeon's experience. This new type of robotic device is able to accurately calculate the optimum level of traction for accurate application. Related research is provided by institutions such as Boston Children's Hospital.
Source: Bio Valley
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