We know that so far only relatively hard materials can be printed in 3D. Certain organs in the body, such as soft tissues such as the brain and lungs, have extremely soft structures, and it is difficult to implement them in 3D printing.
According to reports, researchers at Imperial College London recently implemented a software similar to brain tissue printed on a 3D printer.
In the future, if such 3D printing can be put into practical use, allowing doctors to use their bodies to customize organs for patients will help alleviate the serious shortage of human transplant organs.
However, this technology still has a lot of limitations. To make these organs with 3D printing technology, you need to print out the 3D organ scaffold to mimic the structure of the organ. The printed structure is then wrapped with collagen and filled with human cells. In the experiment, the researchers used skin cells instead of brain cells to simulate the human brain.
Zhengchu Tan, a researcher at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Imperial College London, said: "The biological structures of 3D printing in the past were mostly bones or hard organs like the liver and kidneys. Currently we use a very soft material, it is A composite hydrogel that prints soft tissues like the brain and lungs."
“However, 3D printing is a very soft material that is prone to the problem of underlying material collapse,†adds researcher Zhengchu Tan. “In fact, the process of 3D printing soft tissue involves the process of creating a layer-by-layer object layer, which means the lower layer. Need to be able to support the weight of the growing structure."
To solve this problem, the researchers cooled down during the printing process. Researcher Zhengchu Tan explained: "In the low temperature printing process, the previous layer is frozen, which makes the bottom layer very strong and stable, so that a new layer can be printed on it, and the printed material will not be because of the upper layer. The weight collapses. After printing is complete, the researchers can slowly unfreeze the printed structure and maintain its shape."
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