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Biological Characteristics:

Festuca rubra, commonly known as red fescue, is a perennial grass belonging to the Poaceae family. It is a cool-season turfgrass that features short rhizomes and an extensive fibrous root system. The roots are typically slender, with rhizomes that are not long or aggressive. The plant generally grows to a height of 40–60 cm, with upright stems or slightly bent bases. Its leaves are abundant, emerging from the rhizosphere, and are either folded or rolled in shape. The leaves are narrow and linear, measuring 20–30 cm in length and 3–5 mm in width. The inflorescence is a panicle that reaches 10–15 cm in length, with spikelets containing 3–6 flowers. The seed weight per grain is approximately 0.73 g.

Adaptability:

Festuca rubra exhibits strong adaptability and is highly cold-tolerant, capable of surviving in regions where temperatures drop as low as -30°C. It thrives best in the northern cold temperate zones of China, the Loess Plateau, and high-altitude mountainous areas in the south. This grass can tolerate shade and has good ground coverage, making it ideal for establishing dense pastures and artificial grasslands. It also reproduces well and is easy to maintain once established.

Planting Technology:

The seeds of red fescue are small, so careful preparation of the planting area is essential. The soil should be levelled, loose, well-drained, and aerated to create an optimal growing environment. If the soil quality is poor, adding organic or compound fertilizers can improve fertility. The recommended seeding rate is usually 20–25 g/m². After sowing, gently press the soil surface with a rake and keep it consistently moist. Germination typically occurs within 7–21 days, and during this period, the seedlings should be protected from weeds.

Watering practices are crucial for red fescue. It does not tolerate excessive moisture, so watering should be done carefully. It's best to water in the early morning or late evening to reduce evaporation. Before the end of the growing season in autumn and at the start of spring, a deep watering is recommended to help the lawn survive the winter and promote healthy growth in the following season.

Management Technology:

The ideal mowing height for red fescue is between 3.8–6.5 cm. During periods of active growth, regular mowing is necessary to maintain a neat and healthy lawn. This grass has relatively low nutrient requirements, but applying fertilizer or compound fertilizers designed for turfgrass can still enhance its performance. A typical application rate is 15–25 kg per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). Proper maintenance ensures a lush, durable lawn that can withstand foot traffic and environmental stress.

Red fescue is widely used in golf course construction, soil and water conservation projects, and mixed seeding for afforestation. Its resilience and aesthetic appeal make it a popular choice for both functional and decorative landscaping applications.

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