Yellow fungus is a kind of popular edible fungus, with the characteristics of easy cultivation, strong disease resistance, high economic output, and short production cycle. The annual cultivation volume in the country has been stable at about 500 million bags. With the expansion of the scale of cultivation, not only the yield difference, but also the quality of the difference. The author conducted a field trip in the main production areas of Yellow Backs fungus in Jintang County, Jianyang County, Chongzhou City, and Lushan County, Henan Province, and found that the same strains, the same formula, and the same amount of dry material (about 110 grams) ), Some produce 210 grams of dry ears per bag, and some only about 50 grams; on the other hand, the same species of yellow back fungus even if the same tide mushroom its price is very different. All high-priced yellow ears have a good color and a relatively small ear base. After comparing the cultivation techniques and the quality of fungus, the authors summarized the high-yielding cultivation technology of ear-nosed fungus. Here, a comparison is made between the traditional cultivation methods and the cultivation techniques, highlighting the differences between them and the characteristics of no-ear-based cultivation. First, the traditional cultivation method The commonly used varieties are Chuan Er 1, Shanghai No. 3, Taiwan No. 2, Amber and 781. 2. Culture formula 1 cotton shell 60%, corncob 30%, mixed wood chips, rice bran, etc. 10%, plaster or lime 2% - 3%; 2 cottonseed husk 30% - 40%, corncob 30%, mixed wood chips 20% - 30%, rice bran 10%, lime 2% -3%. Seed dressing, bagging, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, and culture are performed in a routine manner. 3. Mushrooming methods The traditional way to promote mushrooms is horizontal bed frame cultivation or hanging ears. Horizontal bed frame cultivation generally piled 3-4 layers, two ears. When the pouch is out of the ear, 10 to 15 holes of "V" or "/" shape are evenly opened around the growing bag and ear management is performed. The traditional horizontal bed frame cultivation has poor air permeability due to mushrooming, easy to accumulate water and ear, lack of mushrooming points, and the nutrient in the bag is not easy to be fully converted, and the ear base of the product is particularly large, and the price of the product is low; Although the ear is ventilated better, more than a point, the nutrients in the bag can easily be fully transformed, but the "v"-shaped openings are easily stained with water and rot bags, resulting in low yield. "/" shape, high yield, good quality. Hanging out the ear of the product, the ear base is relatively small, so the price is higher. Second, no ear-based cultivation techniques No ear-based cultivation techniques and traditional cultivation techniques are only different from the mushrooming method. The earless cultivation method of mushrooming has the following characteristics: The choice of venues can be moisturizing, well ventilated, and can be away from sources of contamination in greenhouses or indoors. Indoor disinfection. 2. The ear of the cultivation bed can be designed in two ways: horizontal bed frame, mushrooming, and hanging bag. The horizontal bedsteads are generally single-layered, leaving a palm-width distance between each bag, leaving a palm-wide gap between each layer, leaving the aisle between the two, and the cultivation bag lying evenly on the bed. 3. The processing of the mushroom bag was to evenly nail the sterilized rust-free nails on a smooth wooden board so that the taper would be about 2 mm out of the board. After the bags of mycelium were cultured in the mushroom bag, the bag was rolled on the nailed wooden board before entering the mushroom room so that the bag was evenly tied around the point of about 2 millimeters and the size was about 30 to 45 pieces. . 4. Mushroom management spray 2-3 times a day, when spraying water to spray light spray, the temperature maintained at 24-30 °C, when the mushroom is ripe, the mushroom was picked off one by one, you can gently touch it. Do not go into the bag one after another, intermittently mushrooming, otherwise the humidity is difficult to adjust, easy to cause bad bags, bad ears. Third, the characteristics of non-ear-based cultivation techniques Compared with the ear-based cultivation techniques and traditional cultivation methods have the following characteristics: 1. The two-headed mushrooming method in traditional cultivation without ear-growing has a large yellow-backed fungus ear; although the "V" or "/"-shaped opening overcomes the deficiency of the ear base, it always has the ear base, but is slightly smaller. The yellow-backed agaric products produced by the ear-free cultivation technique have no ear base. 2. Good quality For yellow-backed fungus products, the presence or absence of the ear base is an important indicator of its quality. The ear-based products have good commercial properties and high prices. The ear-free products per kilogram are higher than the ear-based products1. 2 yuan. 3. The high yield and no ear-based mushrooming method solves the problem that the yellow back fungus not only requires good moisture retention during the mushrooming process, but also requires good permeability and contradiction, thus yielding high yield.
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