The working principle of the centrifuge:
A centrifuge is a separation machine that separates a mixture of solid and liquid (liquid and liquid) to obtain solids and liquids (or liquids and liquids), respectively. The working principle of the centrifuge is to have a different Natural stratification occurs when the density mixture is allowed to stand. The solids generally settle to the bottom layer, while the upper layer forms a clear liquid. The stratification relies on the gravitational acceleration of the Earth. In order to meet the needs of industrial production, people need to separate some of the mixture faster and more, thus creating a centrifuge.
3H12RI intelligent high speed refrigerated centrifuge
The centrifuge rotates at high speed to generate powerful centrifugal force. The centrifugal separation coefficient is usually hundreds of times, thousands of times and 10,000 times of the gravity acceleration. Therefore, the separation speed is very fast, but due to the great difference in material properties, various types have been formed. Centrifuges of different specifications, generally centrifuges with solid and liquid separation speeds below 3000 rpm, finer particles, and smaller density differences require centrifuges with speeds between 8,000 and 30,000 to separate, like uranium Concentrated separation requires a higher speed centrifuge.
The main principle of the centrifuge is to accelerate the liquid phase in the solid-liquid mixture to the drum by the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed centrifugal drum (with appropriate filter material), and leave the solid phase in the drum to reach The effect of separating solids and liquids, or the effect of dehydration.
When the suspension containing fine particles is left stationary, the suspended particles gradually sink due to the action of the gravitational field. The heavier the particles, the faster the sinking, whereas the particles with a lower density than the liquid will float. The rate at which particles move under the gravitational field is related to the size, morphology, and density of the particles, and is related to the strength of the gravitational field and the viscosity of the liquid. Particles of the size of red blood cells, a few micrometers in diameter, can be observed under normal gravity.
The main principle of the decanter centrifuge is to accelerate the sedimentation velocity of different specific gravity components (solid phase or liquid phase) in the mixture by the powerful centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotor, and to separate the different sedimentation coefficients and buoyant density substances in the sample.
In addition, the substance is accompanied by a diffusion phenomenon when it settles in the medium. Diffusion is unconditional and absolute. The diffusion is inversely proportional to the mass of the material, and the smaller the particle, the more severe the diffusion. The settlement is relative, and if it is conditional, it must be subjected to external forces to move. The settlement is proportional to the weight of the object, and the larger the particle, the faster the sedimentation. For particles smaller than a few micrometers such as viruses or proteins, they are in a colloidal or semi-colloidal state in solution, and it is impossible to observe the sedimentation process by gravity alone. The smaller the particles, the slower the sedimentation, and the more severe the diffusion phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to use a centrifugal machine to generate a strong centrifugal force in order to force these particles to overcome the diffusion to produce a settling motion.
TD5A laboratory bench low speed normal temperature centrifuge
The scope of use of several common centrifuges
1) Laboratory centrifuge: The speed can reach 30,000 rpm, suitable for experimental analysis of small centrifuges, which can separate suspension or emulsion;
2) Three-legged centrifuge: The speed is about 3000 rpm or less for solid-liquid separation, and is now widely used in various industries;
3) Butterfly separator: The speed can reach 4000-10000 rpm, and the solid-liquid separation can also be separated by liquid and liquid, so it can be applied to various industries (such as: pharmaceutical industry, dairy industry, chemical industry, etc.) ;
4) Horizontal screw centrifuge: the rotation speed is generally 2500-6000 rpm, separating the suspension, which is often used to treat sewage;
5) Tube centrifuge: the speed is up to 13000-30000 rpm, GQ (clarified type, mainly separation suspension) and GF (separation type, mainly suitable for liquid-liquid separation), can be used for sewage treatment, oil separation ;
6) High-speed refrigerated centrifuge : The rotation speed can reach 10,000 rpm or more. The temperature inside the centrifuge chamber of this centrifuge can be reduced to below zero degrees Celsius, which is used to collect microorganisms, cell debris, cells, large organelles, sulfuric acid precipitates and Immunoprecipitates, etc., are common in various biochemical laboratories;
7) Large-capacity centrifuge : The speed is 5000-20000 rpm, which is characterized by its large capacity up to 4×1000ml, low speed for chemical, food, pharmaceutical, medical, etc., and high speed is often used in pharmaceutical, biological products, central blood stations. Other fields;
8) Blood collection tube centrifuge: low speed is suitable for plasma separation with high platelet concentration, while high speed is suitable for plasma separation with low platelet concentration. It is often used for blood routine examination and various chemical analysis;
9) Microcentrifuge: Also known as mini centrifuge, the general speed is 4000-10000 rpm, especially suitable for slow centrifugation with microfiltration and test tube.
HR/T20MM high speed freezing floor type large capacity centrifuge
The operation of the laboratory centrifuge is as follows:
When using various centrifuges, the centrifuge tube and its contents must be precisely balanced on the balance beforehand. The difference in weight should not exceed the range specified in the respective centrifuge instructions. Each rotor has its own different rotor. To allow the difference, the singular tube must not be loaded in the rotor. When the rotor is only partially loaded, the tubes must be placed symmetrically in the rotor so that the load is evenly distributed around the rotor.
To centrifuge at temperatures below room temperature. The rotor should be placed in the refrigerator or placed in the rotor of the centrifuge to be pre-cooled before use. During the centrifugation process, you should not leave at random. You should always observe whether the instrument on the centrifuge is working normally. If there is abnormal sound, stop it immediately and check it out in time. When each rotor has its allowable speed and the cumulative limit of use, the manual should be consulted when using the rotor, and should not be used excessively.
Each turn must have a use file to record the accumulated use time. If it exceeds the use limit of the turn, it must be used at a reduced speed. When loading the solution, it should be carried out according to the specific operation instructions of various centrifuges. According to the nature and volume of the liquid to be centrifuged, select the appropriate centrifuge tube. Some centrifuge tubes have no cover, and the liquid should not be packed too much to prevent the liquid from being thrown out during centrifugation. The rotor is unbalanced, rusted or corroded, and the centrifuge tube of the preparative ultracentrifuge often requires that the liquid must be filled to avoid deformation of the upper portion of the plastic centrifuge tube during centrifugation.
After each use, the rotor must be carefully inspected, cleaned and dried in time. The rotor is the key component of the centrifuge that must be protected. When handling, be careful not to collide and avoid causing scars. Apply a layer of glazing protection. It is strictly forbidden to use centrifuge tubes and centrifuge rotors that are significantly deformed, damaged or aged.
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