The author engaged in watermelon greenhouse cultivation technology service work for many years, encountered many problems in the work process, especially watermelon grafting technology, is now summing up several years of experience for everyone, as a reference.
Grafting of watermelons in plastic greenhouses often involves plugging and docking. Because the plug method is more conducive to improving the grafting effect of watermelon, preventing the occurrence of the wilt disease, increasing the yield and enhancing the stress resistance, so the most widely used in production.
Grafted with gourd as the rootstock of watermelon, the best time to choose sunny morning or afternoon, in the greenhouse with scattered light or shading conditions the most suitable graft.
Insertion method technical points: The gourd species with nutrients nurse seedlings a week earlier, and then broadcast watermelon seed, watermelon cotyledons to be unfolded, the first true leaf when the rootstock grafting is appropriate. The left thumb and forefinger hold the cotyledonary nodes, the right hand takes a bamboo skewer to scoop the true leaves and growing points of the rootstock, and insert a 1cm deep hole slightly obliquely downwards from the wound near the end of the cotyledon. Do not break and penetrate the hypocotyl. (To avoid scion "self-rooted"), do not pull bamboo sticks, immediately take a robust scion in the hypocotyl near the 0.5cm cotyledon node under the knife, taper to the root into a cone of 1 cm noodles, pull out the bamboo stick quickly The scion hypocotyl is inserted obliquely downwards into the hole, allowing the scion cotyledon and the rootstock cotyledon to form a “one†sub-shape overlap. Each grafted one should be immediately placed in a closed shed, and shaded to reduce water loss. The method has a fast grafting rate, a high survival rate, and does not require a fixed object interface. However, the grafting technique requires high requirements, strict requirements on the seedling age, the gourd is spread out from the first true leaf to fully flatten, and the watermelon is expanded from the cotyledon to the first one. The leaf expands into the grafting period.
Grafted seedlings within 7 days of sealing a small shed does not release, to warm the main moisture, the shed within the daytime temperature around 27 °C, night 24 °C ~ 25 °C, sunny attention to shade, prevent seedlings due to increased transpiration, causing seedlings wilt. After 4 days, the ventilation was gradually increased, the temperature was lowered, and the interface healed after 7 days. The daytime temperature was 25°C and nighttime was 18°C. During the week before planting, the temperature was controlled at 20°C and 12°C at night, and the seedlings were grown at low temperature. At this point we must pay attention to the removal of new shoots on the rootstock.
Wangdu County Bureau of Agriculture
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