Breeding and management of boars is the core of a farm. The breeding of boars is to obtain good quality semen. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the breeding and management of boars so that boars have a strong constitution and a strong sexual desire. 1. Feeding points for male boars Nutritional requirements for male boars: boar semen dry matter is 5%, and protein is 75% of dry matter. Therefore, the quality and quantity of protein in the feed have a great influence on the quality and quantity of the pig semen. For a boar to have a strong physique, a strong sexual desire, and good semen quality, it is necessary to ensure the nutritional needs of the boar in all aspects. First of all, the refined protein content should be about 14%. Boar feed contains digestive energy should be appropriate, digestive energy is too easy to deposit fat, body fat, boar libido and semen quality decreased. When the energy is too low, the body of the boar is wasted, the amount of seminal fluid is reduced, and the decrease of sperm concentration affects the conception rate. The digestive energy level is preferably 12.6 to 13.0 MJ/kg. Insufficiency of calcium and phosphorus leads to incomplete sperm development, reduced sperm motility and increased dead sperm. Therefore, feed should contain 0.65% calcium and 0.55% phosphorus. Trace elements must be added with iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, and selenium. In particular, deficiency of selenium can cause testicular degeneration and decrease semen quality. Complex vitamins are generally added to boar feed. Vitamin A and vitamin E, in particular, have a great influence on semen quality. Long-term lack of vitamin A, causing testicular swelling or atrophy, can not produce sperm, loss of reproductive ability. Vitamin A per kilogram of feed should not be less than 3,500 international units. Vitamin E also affects the quality of semen. Vitamin E should not be less than 9 mg per kilogram of feed. Vitamin D has an effect on calcium and phosphorus metabolism and indirectly affects the quality of semen. Vitamin D should be no less than 200 IU per kilogram of feed. If the boar has 1 to 2 hours of sunshine per day, the need for vitamin D can be met. Feeding techniques for 2 kinds of boars: There should be more concentrates in the diet of male boars, preferably full-price compound feeds, which will help improve semen quality and breeding ability of boars. Boars cannot be fed with too many roughages because they are bulky and have low nutritional value. If the boar's diet is too large, it can easily overwhelm the stomach and affect breeding. Conditions can be properly fed some carrots or high-quality green feed, but not too much, so as not to cause drooping belly, affecting breeding. If the sow is seasonally littered, the boars must be seasonally-matched, and nutrition should be enhanced one month before the mating season, which is a 20% to 25% increase in nutrition compared to the non-matching period. After the mating season, gradually reduce the nutritional level and maintain the general state of maintenance. Cold winter weather, the nutritional level of the diet should be increased by 10% to 20%. If the sow is born all year long, the breeding boar must be bred all year round. The breeding boar should always be fed with enhanced nutrition and the lactating sow feed. Feeding boars should be regularly quantified, generally feeding 2 to 3 times a day, 2 times in winter, 3 times in summer, do not feed too much each time, the daily feeding amount of 1.5 to 2.5 kg, preferably using raw material dry Hello method. Boars were allowed to feed before 90 kg and restricted access after 90 kg. Second, the kinds of boar management points 1? Sports: The boar limbs and body muscles can be exercised, so that boar physique robust, lively, increase appetite, increase sexual desire and sperm vitality. In general, 2 hours of exercise each day, 1 hour in the morning and 1 hour in the afternoon. Insufficient exercise, boar snooze, obesity, decreased libido, weak limbs, affect the breeding effect. During the mating season, nutrition should be strengthened and the amount of exercise should be appropriately reduced. In the non-matching season, nutrition can be appropriately reduced to increase the amount of exercise. For obese boars, the amount of energy feed should be reduced in the feed, and the amount of green fodder should be increased, and the boar should be placed on the outside of the column to increase movement to maintain its shape. For body weight loss boars, should strengthen nutrition, and reduce or temporarily stop breeding. 2. Prevention of masturbation: Boar masturbation is caused by abnormal sexual stimulation, which causes sexual impulses to automatically ejaculate across other boars, feed pellets, or walls, and can easily cause damage to the penis. After the boar has become obscene, the body is thin and the libido is diminished. The measures to prevent boar masturbation are to prevent abnormal sexual stimulation: the male pig house is built on the windward direction away from the sow house, the boar is not allowed to see the sow, the smell of the sow is not heard, the sow cannot be heard . If boars are fed in groups, when the boars are bred with the scent of sows, they can easily cause cross-breeding boars to cross over, and the boars can rest for 1 to 2 hours after mating. The breeding site should be at a certain distance from the barn to prevent the estrus from escorting the boar to the boar. Reserve boars and non-breeding boars should increase the amount of exercise or grazing time, and boars are prone to masturbation when they are inactive around the clock. 3. The rational use of male boars should be checked regularly to check the quality of boar semen: Normal boars of 1 to 2 years of age should be bred every 3 days, and boars of 2 to 5 years of age can be bred once a day. 20 days before the mating season, check the number, density, vitality, color, and odor of sperm. Even if artificial insemination is not used during the breeding season, semen should be checked every 10 days. According to the inspection results, the number of breeding operations, nutrition, and exercise volume should be adjusted to ensure high fertility rates during the breeding period. 4? Specially reared, reasonable adjustment: The species boar temperament, whether it is feeding or mating, are strictly forbidden to shout or rush to fight, otherwise it will cause boar resentment, affecting boar ejaculation effect and even bite, Therefore, the boar management personnel and sperm collection personnel should be fixed. At the same time, it adopts a scientific feeding and management system to regularly feed, feed, exercise, bathe, brush, and fix hoofs, and reasonably arrange breeding, so that the boar can establish conditional reflexes and develop good living habits. It is necessary to start from the weaning of boars. Combine daily brushing with reasonable training of boars. Training boars should be based on inducement, avoid brutal indiscriminate attacks, so as to avoid hostility to boars and to develop bite. 5? Summer heat and moisture protection work: Because the temperature is too high, humidity is too high, will prevent the boar produce normal sperm, it is necessary to do summer cooling work. In the event of a hot disease, immediate treatment should be performed. 6. Strengthen the epidemic prevention and prevent diseases: We must strengthen hygiene and disinfection, and prevent all kinds of infectious diseases from happening. Each year we need to inject and deworm insects. Prevent boar hooves, Japanese encephalitis, and parvovirus diseases. When the boar is ill, the breeding should be postponed until 30 days after the cure.
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