The golden buckwheat is a perennial herb of the genus Quercus, which has rich nutritional value. It is in short supply in the market as a medicinal rhizome. In 2015-2017, in Zhijin County, Bijie City, the characteristics of the forest are shaded and the soil is moist. The cultivation experiment conducted a comparative analysis on the growth cycle of golden buckwheat, suitable forest land types, planting management methods, and rhizome quality, as follows.
1 Test method
1.1 Basic situation of the test base
Zhihua County Huazhi Town is located in the eastern part of Zhijin County, bordering with 7 towns and towns including Longchang Town, Daping Town, Ziqiang Town, Machang Town and Niuchang Town. The town has a subtropical monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 16 °C, annual rainfall of 1,200-1,350 mm, annual sunshine of 1,172 h, and frost-free period of 327 d. The area of ​​cultivated land in Hongguang Village is 50.6 hm 2 . The main crops are rice, corn, soybeans, vegetables and peppers. In 2009, the per capita grain was 160 kg, and the per capita annual income was 1,490 yuan.
1.2 Test design
In the Hongguang Village of Huaqi Town, Zhijin County, the planting experiment of golden buckwheat was carried out by selecting blank control plots, young coniferous forests, coniferous forests, broad-leaved young forests and broad-leaved forests of 0.07 hm 2 each. After removing the weeds with a lawn mower in January 2016, the tillers were used for ploughing and ploughing, and about 2 000 kg of farmyard manure and 50 kg of strong root phosphate fertilizer were applied per mu. Planting was carried out by tuber sowing and seedling transplanting and breeding methods, and healthy tubers without mechanical damage and pests and diseases were cut into small pieces, and ditching was carried out according to a width of 45 cm and a depth of 15 cm, and in accordance with 30 cm × 45 cm in April. The seedlings were transplanted and seedlings were transplanted, and the seedlings were also transplanted according to the row spacing of 30 cm×45 cm at the beginning of April. At the same time, the management of weeding, topdressing and pest control should be done well.
1.3 Observation Project
1.3.1 Fertility cycle observation
The seedling period, jointing stage, branching stage, bud stage, flowering stage and seed maturity stage were observed and recorded from the seedlings of golden buckwheat seedlings, and the number of days of birth was calculated.
1.3.2 Determination of yield
At the end of 2016 and the end of 2017, take 5 sample plots on each test plot, measure the rhizome yield of the golden buckwheat in the sample plot, and calculate the average yield within each sample plot of the plot, and calculate each The test plot is equivalent to the yield of one mu of land.
1.3.3 Determination of epicatechin content
The epicatechin content of 2-year-old tuber roots was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.
2 Results and analysis
2.1 Fertility cycle
It can be seen from Table 1 that from the sow root (or seed breeding seedling) germination grows 2 to 3 true leaves to seed maturity, and the growth cycle of golden buckwheat in the five experimental plots is 130 days.
Table 1 Observation table of golden buckwheat phenology
2.2 Production of golden buckwheat
It can be seen from Table 2 that the yield of golden buckwheat planted by root propagation is higher than that of seedling reproduction, and the yield of the blank control plot is higher than that of the forest.
Table 2 Golden Buckwheat Yield Measurement Record
2.3 2 years old gold buckwheat table catechin content
It can be seen from Table 3 that the harvested golden buckwheat has high levels of epicatechin by high performance liquid chromatography, moderate shading is conducive to accumulating epicatechin content, and excessive is reduced epicatechin The content of the prime.
Table 3 Content of epicatechin in golden buckwheat
3 Summary
The yield of golden buckwheat planted by root propagation is higher than that of seedling reproduction; the pharmacopoeia requires that the content of epicatechin should not be less than 0.030%; moderate shading is conducive to the accumulation of epicatechin content, and excessive will reduce epicatechin The content of the prime.
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