Tomato growers often like to ask, what kind of medicine is best for tomato umbilical rot? How to prevent and cure tomato umbilical rot? From their problems, we can see that everyone is concerned about the prevention and treatment of tomatoes. The following small series will talk to you about tomato umbilical rot and prevention techniques.
First, the symptoms of tomato umbilical rot
Umbilical rot only harms the fruit, and the green fruit is the most susceptible to the disease, and occurs first at the umbilicus of the top of the young fruit. At the beginning of the onset, the umbilicus first appeared round or irregular water-stained, dark green lesions, and then gradually turned dark brown or black, and the umbilical affected area was dry and contracted at the later stage, the surface was sunken, and the fruit was small and poor. Under humid conditions, the diseased part is easily infected by saprophytic bacteria, producing a dark green, black or pink mildew, and the disease fruit loses its edible value.
Second, the main cause of the disease
1. Soil drought and water shortage, low air humidity
When the tomato is dehydrated, the large amount of water required for transpiration of the leaves competes with the fruit, and the leaves take away the water transported to the young fruit, and even the water in the young fruit is sucked out. Due to the sudden loss of water in the fruit, the growth and development are hindered and the umbilical rot is formed.
2. Fertilization is not proper, improper use of fertilizer
The use of unfertilized raw manure, excessive use of fertilizer, too close to the root system, causing root burning, so that root water absorption is inhibited, resulting in physiological water shortage, which is also an important factor in the occurrence of umbilical rot. In addition, single application of nitrogen fertilizer, excessive nitrogen fertilizer or insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, especially tomato can not absorb enough calcium from the soil, resulting in umbilical cell growth disorder, loss of control of water capacity and aggravate the occurrence of this disease.
3. Poor management in the field
The depth of tillage is not enough, the loose soil layer is too shallow, and the soil is compacted, making it difficult for the root system to stretch down and affect water absorption. Excessive watering in the early stage, drought and lack of water during the fruit setting period, and cultivating loose soil in time will cause water imbalance. High temperature, strong winds and forks, too much injury can easily cause physiological water shortage and cause disease.
4. Related to soil properties
Excessive alkalinity and sandy soil are prone to umbilical rot.
Third, comprehensive prevention measures
Deep ploughing
Deep ploughing, keeping the soil layer loose around 25cm, not only benefits the roots of the plants, but also matures the soil and enhances the ability of water retention and storage.
2. Scientific fertilization
Add fertilized organic fertilizer to avoid excessive topdressing; apply nitrogen fertilizer properly, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer together. Within 30 days of tomato fruiting period, appropriate application of calcium fertilizer can be sprayed with 1% superphosphate or 0.1% calcium chloride, sprayed once every 15 days from the beginning of flowering, or sprayed with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The aqueous solution can receive good disease prevention effects after 2~3 times.
3. Appropriate amount of timely irrigation
Keeping the soil moist is critical during the growth period of the tomato. In particular, in the result period, attention should be paid to the uniform supply of water. The irrigation should be done in the morning or at night.
4. Film mulching
It can keep the soil moisture relatively stable, reduce the leaching of calcium nutrients in the soil, and prevent the disease.
5. Use shade net cover
It can reduce the transpiration of plants and can effectively prevent the occurrence of the disease.
The above is all about the prevention and treatment of tomato umbilical rot today. If you are also helpless about this disease, then come to Huinong.com to learn about its related prevention and treatment technology!
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